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Training Load Management

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Training Volume

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The total amount of work performed by an athlete, often quantified as the number of repetitions, sets, or distance covered in training.

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Periodization

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The systematic planning of athletic training, which divides the training schedule into specific periods or cycles to target different goals and to optimize performance.

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Acute Load

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The amount of training load that an athlete has been exposed to in the last 7-10 days; it's crucial for preparing an athlete for competition without causing overtraining.

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Tapering

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The reduction of training load before a major competition to allow athletes to recover and peak in their performance.

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Non-Functional Overreaching

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An excessive increase in training load without adequate recovery, leading to an extended reduction in performance and potential overtraining syndrome.

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Overtraining Syndrome

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A condition where an athlete experiences a long-term decline in performance and impaired recovery processes due to excessive training loads.

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Internal Load

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It refers to the physiological and psychological stress imposed on an athlete during training, such as heart rate, blood lactate, and perceived exertion.

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External Load

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Quantifiable work done by athletes during training or competition, including distance run, weight lifted, and total number of sprints.

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Functional Overreaching

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An intentional, short-term increase in training load that leads to a brief decrement in performance but followed by supercompensation and improved performance levels.

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Load Tolerance

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The capacity of an athlete to handle and adapt to training stress without sustaining an injury or excessive fatigue.

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Chronic Load

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The amount of training an athlete has performed over a longer period, typically 4-6 weeks, which helps establish the athlete's base fitness level.

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Heart Rate Variability (HRV)

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The measure of the variation in time intervals between heartbeats, which can indicate an athlete's recovery status and readiness to train.

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Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE)

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A self-assessment scale used by athletes to quantify the subjective intensity of their performance during training or competition.

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Intensity

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The level of effort or exertion that an athlete applies in training, often categorized by heart rate zones, speed, or weight lifted.

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Deloading

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A planned reduction in training volume or intensity to facilitate recovery and prevent overtraining.

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Acute:Chronic Workload Ratio

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A ratio that compares an athlete's training load for the most recent week (acute) to their average weekly training load over the past four weeks (chronic); a tool for balancing training and recovery to prevent injury.

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Supercompensation

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The post-recovery phase where an athlete's performance capacity increases beyond their previous baseline levels after a period of training and adequate recovery.

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Overreaching

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A short-term extreme training load that exceeds an athlete's current capacity to recover, which can be functional (positive outcome) or non-functional (leading to overtraining).

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