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Established the first psychology laboratory and is considered the 'father of experimental psychology'.

Pioneered the James-Lange theory of emotion and is known for his work on pragmatism and functionalism.

Developed psychoanalysis and theories of the unconscious mind, including concepts like the id, ego, and superego.

Famous for work on operant conditioning and the invention of the Skinner box.

Known for his theory of cognitive development in children, which includes stages like sensorimotor and preoperational.

Discovered classical conditioning through his experiments with dogs, leading to the concept of conditioned reflexes.

Developed person-centered therapy and contributed to the humanistic approach in psychology.

Proposed the social learning theory and is known for the Bobo doll experiments, illustrating observational learning.

Famous for the law of effect and his work on connectionism and operant conditioning.

Founded analytical psychology, proposed the concepts of the collective unconscious and archetypes.

Known for his theory on psychosocial development, which outlines eight stages of human growth.

Developed field theory and is considered the founder of social psychology.

Created Maslow's hierarchy of needs and contributed to humanistic psychology.

Known for his trait theory of personality and the concept of functional autonomy.

Founder of behaviorism and famous for the Little Albert experiment demonstrating classical conditioning.

Renowned for her research on the malleability of human memory and the misinformation effect.

Developed the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence and contributed to personality trait theory.

Known for his work on motivation and the need for achievement theory.

Developed the first widely used intelligence test, the Binet-Simon scale.

Pioneered the experimental study of memory and developed the forgetting curve and spacing effect.

Influential in the philosophy of science, particularly in the logical positivist tradition, and contributed to the covering law model of explanation.

Proposed Hebb's rule, which is a theory explaining synaptic plasticity as the mechanism of learning in the brain.

Conducted the Milgram experiment, which studied obedience to authority figures.

Known for the Stanford prison experiment, which investigated the psychological effects of perceived power.