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Fish Anatomy Basics

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Pectoral Fin

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Paired fins on either side of the fish's body that aid in maneuvering and braking.

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Dorsal Fin

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The fin located on the back of the fish; helps to maintain stability in the water.

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Gills

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Respiratory organs for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide with water.

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Scales

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Overlapping external plates that provide protection against predators and parasites.

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Pelvic Fin

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Paired fins usually found on the bottom of the fish's body, helping in stability and steering.

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Caudal Fin

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Also known as the tail fin, provides propulsion through the water.

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Lateral Line

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A sensory organ that detects movement and vibrations in the surrounding water.

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Anal Fin

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A single fin located on the ventral side of the fish toward the posterior end, assists in stability.

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Swim Bladder

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A gas-filled sac that helps the fish maintain buoyancy.

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Heart

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The muscular organ that pumps blood through the fish's body; typically has two chambers.

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Stomach

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A sac-like organ that begins the process of digestion by breaking down food.

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Nostrils

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Used to detect chemicals in the water, crucial for identifying food, danger, and mates.

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Fins

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Limbs used for maneuvering, stability, and propulsion through the water.

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Kidneys

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Organs responsible for filtering waste from the blood and maintaining internal salt and water balance.

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Intestine

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Part of the digestive system where nutrients are absorbed and waste is processed.

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Mouth

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The opening that allows the fish to consume food and water; can vary greatly in shape and size.

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Liver

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An organ involved in various functions such as detoxification, digestion, and storage of nutrients.

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Operculum

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A bony plate covering and protecting the gills; also aids in respiration.

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Eyes

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Visual organs that provide fish with the ability to see and adapt to their aquatic environment.

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Spawning organs

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Ovaries or testes used for producing eggs or sperm for reproduction.

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