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Mariculture Techniques

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Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS)

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A closed-loop system that filters and recycles water, supporting high-intensity farming of species like sturgeon, bass, and tilapia with minimal environmental impact.

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Pearl Nets

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A specialized mariculture technique for cultivating pearls using nets to house molluscs like oysters under controlled conditions to encourage pearl formation.

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Raft Culture

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A method where floating rafts support the cultivation of shellfish or seaweed in the overlaying water column, suitable for species such as scallops and various seaweed types.

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Bivalve Trestle Culture

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A method using wooden or metal structures known as trestles to support bags or trays of bivalves such as oysters and clams just above the sea floor.

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Submersible Cage Culture

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Cages that can be submerged to various depths to shield farmed species like fish from poor weather conditions and to access different water temperatures and nutrient levels.

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Open Sea Cage Cultivation

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A mariculture technique where fish are reared in large cages or nets anchored to the seabed, allowing water to flow through freely. Species commonly cultured include salmon, tuna, and sea bream.

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Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA)

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A polyculture system where the by-products from one species are used as inputs (feed or fertilizer) for another. Commonly combines finfish like salmon with shellfish and seaweeds.

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Longline Cultivation

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A technique where shellfish are grown on suspended ropes or lines in open water, optimizing growth and making harvesting easier. Species like mussels and oysters are typically farmed using this method.

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Raceway Systems

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Rectangular tanks or channels stocked with marine species, such as trouts and carps, through which water is continuously circulated. Enables high-density farming with controlled conditions.

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Pond Culture

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Cultivation takes place in coastal ponds or lagoons where seawater is introduced and managed. Species like shrimp, milkfish, and mullet are often farmed in this environment.

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Seaweed Rope Cultivation

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Technique where seaweeds are attached to floating ropes or nets, allowing them to grow in nutrient-rich open water. Kelps and nori are commonly produced using this method.

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Polyculture

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The simultaneous culture of multiple compatible marine species that utilize different parts of the ecosystem, reducing waste and increasing efficiency. Often involves fish, crustaceans, and plants.

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Rack and Bag Method

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This involves growing shellfish such as oysters, mussels, and scallops in bags or cages that are suspended from racks above the seabed. This method enhances water flow and feeding efficiency.

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Artificial Reefs

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Constructed marine habitats that mimic natural reefs, providing protected spaces for the cultivation of species like lobsters, crabs, and reef fish.

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Flow-through System

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A method using a constant flow of water from the natural environment, ensuring fresh water for organisms such as bivalves and finfish, while removing waste efficiently.

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