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Mariculture Techniques
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Artificial Reefs
Constructed marine habitats that mimic natural reefs, providing protected spaces for the cultivation of species like lobsters, crabs, and reef fish.
Bivalve Trestle Culture
A method using wooden or metal structures known as trestles to support bags or trays of bivalves such as oysters and clams just above the sea floor.
Open Sea Cage Cultivation
A mariculture technique where fish are reared in large cages or nets anchored to the seabed, allowing water to flow through freely. Species commonly cultured include salmon, tuna, and sea bream.
Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA)
A polyculture system where the by-products from one species are used as inputs (feed or fertilizer) for another. Commonly combines finfish like salmon with shellfish and seaweeds.
Raceway Systems
Rectangular tanks or channels stocked with marine species, such as trouts and carps, through which water is continuously circulated. Enables high-density farming with controlled conditions.
Submersible Cage Culture
Cages that can be submerged to various depths to shield farmed species like fish from poor weather conditions and to access different water temperatures and nutrient levels.
Pearl Nets
A specialized mariculture technique for cultivating pearls using nets to house molluscs like oysters under controlled conditions to encourage pearl formation.
Flow-through System
A method using a constant flow of water from the natural environment, ensuring fresh water for organisms such as bivalves and finfish, while removing waste efficiently.
Rack and Bag Method
This involves growing shellfish such as oysters, mussels, and scallops in bags or cages that are suspended from racks above the seabed. This method enhances water flow and feeding efficiency.
Pond Culture
Cultivation takes place in coastal ponds or lagoons where seawater is introduced and managed. Species like shrimp, milkfish, and mullet are often farmed in this environment.
Polyculture
The simultaneous culture of multiple compatible marine species that utilize different parts of the ecosystem, reducing waste and increasing efficiency. Often involves fish, crustaceans, and plants.
Longline Cultivation
A technique where shellfish are grown on suspended ropes or lines in open water, optimizing growth and making harvesting easier. Species like mussels and oysters are typically farmed using this method.
Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS)
A closed-loop system that filters and recycles water, supporting high-intensity farming of species like sturgeon, bass, and tilapia with minimal environmental impact.
Seaweed Rope Cultivation
Technique where seaweeds are attached to floating ropes or nets, allowing them to grow in nutrient-rich open water. Kelps and nori are commonly produced using this method.
Raft Culture
A method where floating rafts support the cultivation of shellfish or seaweed in the overlaying water column, suitable for species such as scallops and various seaweed types.
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