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Organizational Structures
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Hierarchical Structure
Features: Clear chain of command, defined levels of authority, vertical communication. Examples: Military, large corporations.
Flat Structure
Features: Few or no levels of middle management, encourages employee involvement, horizontal communication. Examples: Start-ups, small companies.
Matrix Structure
Features: Combines functional and divisional structures, dynamic and flexible, shared responsibility. Examples: Multinational companies, professional services firms.
Divisional Structure
Features: Divided by product, market, or geography, autonomous divisions, focus on results. Examples: Large corporations with diversified products/services, General Electric.
Team-Based Structure
Features: Organized around empowered teams, promotes collaboration, flexible and responsive. Examples: Tech companies, creative industries.
Network Structure
Features: Reliance on outsourcing, core organization that coordinates activities, extensive use of IT. Examples: Fashion companies, media companies.
Process-Based Structure
Features: Designed around the flow of business processes, interdisciplinary cooperation, continuous improvement focus. Examples: Manufacturing companies, service providers.
Circular Structure
Features: Centered around a central executive, radiates outward in rings, symbolic of a flat hierarchal connection. Examples: Tech startups, innovative small businesses.
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