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Cinema Verité is a style of documentary filmmaking that combines improvisation with the use of the camera to unveil truth or highlight subjects hidden behind crude reality, often involving filmmaker's direct engagement with their subjects.

Guerrilla Filmmaking is a form of independent movie making characterized by low budgets, skeleton crews, and simple props, relying on ingenuity and the willingness to shoot quickly.

Kino-Pravda was a newsreel series by Dziga Vertov that aimed to reveal the truth in a cinematic format. It is known for its innovative use of montage and is a major contribution to documentary film theory.

Advocacy documentaries aim to promote a specific cause, perspective, or issue, often adopting a persuasive style to generate support or inspire action among viewers.

A Docudrama is a genre combining documentary and drama elements, it dramatizes real events using actors and scripted scenes alongside actual footage.

Montage Theory is the editing technique that involves combining separate pieces of film to form a new, distinct whole, and is a critical concept in documentary film, especially in the work of early Soviet filmmakers.

The Poetic Mode in documentary filmmaking focuses on experiences, images, and showing the audience the world through a different set of eyes, often eschewing linear narrative and conventional continuity.

Biographical Documentaries tell the story of a person's life, often involving interviews, reconstructions, and archival footage to explore their life's events, significance, and legacy.

Direct Cinema is a documentary genre that strips away narrative structure, interviews, and additional lighting in an effort to let the subject speak for itself, leading to a more spontaneous and observational style.

Ethnographic Film is a documentary genre that records the cultures and peoples of the world, aiming for an accurate depiction and understanding of their lifestyles and practices.

Gaze Theory in documentary refers to the relationship between the viewer and the viewed, and the socio-political implications of looking and being looked at within the documentary context.

Documentary Ethics concerns the responsibility of filmmakers to represent their subjects truthfully and the ethical considerations involved in the process of documentary filmmaking.

The Observational Mode is a documentary film style that aims to neutrally observe the subject without any directorial interference, it allows the viewer to make their own conclusions about the topic.

Reflexive Mode exposes the documentary filmmaking process and addresses the challenges of truth and representation, often questioning the authenticity of what is shown.

The Participatory Mode in documentary involves the filmmaker's interaction with their subject matter, often with the filmmaker appearing on camera, influencing and engaging with the unfolding events.

Performative Mode in documentary film stresses the subjective or expressive aspect of the filmmaker's involvement with a subject, emphasizing the emotional and social impact rather than the objective argument.

The 'Fly on the Wall' technique in documentary filmmaking refers to unobtrusive observation, where the camera is a passive observer of the events being filmed with no interference from the filmmaker.

Nature Documentaries focus on the natural world and wildlife, often featuring extensive footage of animals in their habitats, educating viewers and raising awareness on environmental issues.

Archival Footage refers to the use of historical film material within a documentary to provide background, context, or evidence of past events, and serves as a visual testimony.