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TV show formats, such as reality shows or game shows, that are developed in one country and then adapted for production and broadcast in other countries, often with local alterations.

Also known as the magic bullet theory, it suggests that mass media messages are 'injected' directly into the brains of passive audiences, assuming media has a direct, immediate, and powerful effect.

Developed by Stuart Hall, it emphasizes the importance of the audience's role in interpreting media texts, suggesting that a media message is encoded by its producers and decoded by its viewers, who may read it in various ways.

Annual events at which television networks present their fall lineups and new shows to advertisers, press, and the other networks, often to secure early advertising commitments.

The theory that the media doesn't tell us what to think, but it is remarkably successful in telling us what to think about by the selection of issues it covers.

This concept involves the social construction of a shared reality by mass media. Frames are abstractions that work to organize or structure message meaning, and influence the perception of the audience.

A method of television production where multiple cameras are used simultaneously to capture a scene from different angles, typically used in situation comedies, soap operas, and sports.

A period in the television industry characterized by new modes of television distribution, consumption, and production, such as streaming services, that have emerged beyond traditional network television.

The process of dividing a television audience into discrete groups based on demographics, psychographics, viewing habits, or other relevant factors to create targeted content or advertising strategies.

This theory posits that long-term exposure to television content can shape viewers' perceptions of reality, often cultivating views that reflect the most common messages presented in the programming they watch.

The procedures and methodologies used to determine the audience size and composition for television programming, which are crucial for advertising and for understanding viewer preferences.

The person responsible for the daily operations of a television series and creative functions ranging from writing and script editing to production and management.

Developed by Raymond Williams, it explains how television's structure and sequence of programming create a 'flow', influencing how viewers perceive and engage with the medium.

A trend in television storytelling that blends standalone episode formats with ongoing story arcs, featuring complicated plots, time plays, and connections to broader narrative threads.

The examination and classification of television programming into genres, such as comedy, drama, or news, based on sets of conventions, settings, themes, and narratives.

A television and film production style that uses only one camera to shoot all angles of a scene, often providing a more cinematic look and feel compared to multi-camera setups.

A genre of television programming that documents purportedly unscripted real-life situations often featuring an otherwise unknown cast and focused on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment.

Proposed by Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann, it states that individuals who perceive their views on controversial issues as being in the minority are less likely to express them publicly due to fear of isolation.

Broadcasting made, financed, and controlled by the public, for the purpose of serving the public interest without commercial pressure, often funded by the government or through public licensing fees.