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Famous Speeches and their Rhetorical Strategies

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We Shall Fight on the Beaches by Winston Churchill

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Churchill utilizes antithesis, compelling imagery, and parallelism to fortify British resolve during World War II.

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Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation by Franklin D. Roosevelt

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Roosevelt appeals to pathos with a calm and resolute tone, deliberate use of the phrase 'a date which will live in infamy,' and a call to arms.

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I Have a Dream by Martin Luther King Jr.

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Dr. King makes use of repetition, vivid imagery, and biblical references to create an emotional appeal and underscore the need for civil rights.

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Quit India Speech by Mahatma Gandhi

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Gandhi uses ethical appeals, passive resistance and metaphor to promote non-violent protest and Indian self-rule.

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Speech to the Troops at Tilbury by Queen Elizabeth I

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Queen Elizabeth I uses ethos, juxtaposition, and dynamic tone to rally her troops against the Spanish Armada.

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Brandenburg Gate Speech by Ronald Reagan

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Reagan uses imperative sentences, allusion, and juxtaposition to call for the tearing down of the Berlin Wall and the spread of democracy.

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The Perils of Indifference by Elie Wiesel

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Elie Wiesel employs ethos, pathos, and rhetorical questions to address the consequences of apathy in the face of suffering.

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Women's Rights are Human Rights by Hillary Clinton

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Clinton uses anaphora, tricolon, and ethos to strengthen her argument on gender equality and women's rights.

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Commencement Address at Wellesley College by Hillary Rodham Clinton

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Clinton uses inclusivity, logos, and an appeal to pathos to inspire the graduates to participate actively in shaping their futures and the world.

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Declaration of War on Japan by Franklin D. Roosevelt

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FDR engages with high modality language, pathos, and a strong sense of urgency to sway the Congress and American public into supporting World War II.

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The Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincoln

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Lincoln utilizes conciseness, poignant diction, and parallel structure to honor the fallen of the Civil War and redefine the purpose of the war.

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Freedom or Death by Emmeline Pankhurst

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Pankhurst makes effective use of an ultimatum, imagery, and tricolon to campaign for women's suffrage.

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Their Finest Hour by Winston Churchill

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Churchill's speech is marked by stirring diction, repetition, and allusion to historical battles to motivate Britain in the face of Nazi aggression.

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The Ballot or the Bullet by Malcolm X

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Malcolm X emphasizes the importance of voting rights and self-defense through the use of parallelism, connotative language, and direct address.

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Inaugural Address by John F. Kennedy

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Kennedy used parallel structure, antithesis, and the call to action to inspire unity and public service.

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The Chance for Peace by Dwight D. Eisenhower

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Eisenhower combines the use of statistical data, the dual appeal to ethos and pathos, and antithesis to argue for peace in the face of Cold War tensions.

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First Inaugural Address by Franklin D. Roosevelt

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FDR provides reassurance through the use of antithesis, paradox, and ethos to rally Americans during the Great Depression.

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Speech Against the Vietnam War by Martin Luther King Jr.

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King employs a sermon-like delivery, vivid imagery of war's horrors, and parallel structure to argue against American involvement in Vietnam.

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The Iron Curtain Speech by Winston Churchill

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Churchill leverages vivid imagery, a somber tone, and historical context to warn about the Soviet influence in Eastern Europe.

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Checkers Speech by Richard Nixon

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Nixon uses ethos, a conversational tone, and the strategy of distancing to establish credibility and refute accusations of financial impropriety.

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The Man with the Muck-rake by Theodore Roosevelt

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Roosevelt utilizes allegory, contrast, and ethical appeals to advocate for fair journalism and critique media sensationalism.

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Acres of Diamonds by Russell Conwell

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Conwell uses extended metaphor, anecdotes, and positive language to persuade his audience that wealth can be achieved by anyone who works hard within their own communities.

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Ain't I a Woman? by Sojourner Truth

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Sojourner Truth uses rhetorical questions, ethos, and repetition to challenge the prevailing gender norms and advocate for women's and African Americans' rights.

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Yes We Can by Barack Obama

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Obama employs anaphora, motific structure, and collective pronouns to inspire hope and unity.

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American University Commencement Address by John F. Kennedy

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JFK uses a moderate tone, appeals to common humanity, and strategic concessions to promote a policy of peace during the Cold War.

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