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Food Additives and Their Functions

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Sodium Alginate

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Thickener and emulsifier commonly found in ice cream, yogurt, and some sauces; also used in the spherification process in molecular gastronomy.

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Sodium Benzoate

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Preserves food by inhibiting the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria. Commonly used in acidic foods such as salad dressings, carbonated drinks, and jams.

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Sodium Nitrite

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Preservation and color fixation in cured meats like ham, bacon, and hot dogs. Also acts to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria.

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Sodium Bicarbonate

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Leavening agent that reacts with acidic components to release carbon dioxide, causing baked goods to rise. Used in cakes, cookies, and quick breads.

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Sorbic Acid

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Preservative used to inhibit growth of mold, yeast, and fungi. Widely used in cheeses, breads, and dried fruits.

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Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)

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Flavor enhancer that gives a savory taste. Commonly used in soups, processed meats, and snack foods.

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Artificial Sweeteners

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Substances that provide a sweet taste with fewer calories. Commonly used in diet sodas, sugar-free gums, and diabetic-friendly food items.

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Soy Lecithin

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Emulsifier that helps fat and water to stay mixed. Found in chocolate, salad dressings, and baked goods.

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Ascorbic Acid

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Used as an antioxidant to prevent oxidation and prolong shelf life. Commonly used in fruit juices, canned fruits, and cereal products.

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Calcium Propionate

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Preservative that prevents mold and bacterial growth. Often used in baked goods, like bread, and processed cheese products.

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Carrageenan

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Thickening, gelling, and stabilizing agent. Commonly used in dairy products like ice cream and yogurt, and non-dairy milk alternatives.

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Xanthan Gum

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Thickener and stabilizer to prevent ingredients from separating. Found in salad dressings, bakery products, and gluten-free foods.

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Citric Acid

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Preservative and flavor enhancer that provides a sour taste. Used in beverages, candies, and canned fruits.

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BHA and BHT

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Antioxidants that prevent rancidity in oils and fats, extending shelf life. Commonly used in snack foods, cereals, and meat products.

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Pectin

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Gelling agent used to thicken jellies and jams. Also found in fruit-based preparations and low-fat dairy products.

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