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Food Safety Legislation
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Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002
Purpose: To protect the United States against bioterrorism and other public health emergencies. Provisions: Food facilities must register with the FDA, maintain records, and report to the FDA any serious health consequences related to their products.
The Meat Inspection Act of 1906
Purpose: To prevent adulterated or misbranded meat and meat products from being sold as food and to ensure that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions. Provisions: Mandatory inspection of livestock before slaughter, post-mortem inspection of carcasses, and sanitary standards established for slaughterhouses and meat processing plants.
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act)
Purpose: To protect the public's health by ensuring that foods are safe, wholesome, sanitary, and properly labeled. Provisions: Prohibits the movement of adulterated and misbranded food in interstate commerce, authorizes the FDA to inspect food production facilities, and set safe levels for unavoidable poisonous substances.
The Poultry Products Inspection Act (PPIA) of 1957
Purpose: To provide federal oversight of the processing of chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, and other domestic fowl. Provisions: Mandatory antemortem and postmortem inspection of poultry, process control, and sanitation standards for poultry processors.
Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)
Purpose: To ensure the U.S. food supply is safe by shifting the focus from responding to contamination to preventing it. Provisions: Mandatory preventive controls for food facilities, increased oversight of food imports, authority to issue mandatory recalls, and requirement for food producers to have food safety plans.
Egg Products Inspection Act (EPIA) of 1970
Purpose: To ensure that egg products are wholesome, not adulterated, and properly labeled and packaged. Provisions: Requires pasteurization of egg products to destroy Salmonella, continuous USDA inspection of processing plants, and mandatory plant facilities and operating requirements.
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