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Food Safety Legislation

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Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002

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Purpose: To protect the United States against bioterrorism and other public health emergencies. Provisions: Food facilities must register with the FDA, maintain records, and report to the FDA any serious health consequences related to their products.

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The Meat Inspection Act of 1906

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Purpose: To prevent adulterated or misbranded meat and meat products from being sold as food and to ensure that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions. Provisions: Mandatory inspection of livestock before slaughter, post-mortem inspection of carcasses, and sanitary standards established for slaughterhouses and meat processing plants.

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Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act)

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Purpose: To protect the public's health by ensuring that foods are safe, wholesome, sanitary, and properly labeled. Provisions: Prohibits the movement of adulterated and misbranded food in interstate commerce, authorizes the FDA to inspect food production facilities, and set safe levels for unavoidable poisonous substances.

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The Poultry Products Inspection Act (PPIA) of 1957

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Purpose: To provide federal oversight of the processing of chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, and other domestic fowl. Provisions: Mandatory antemortem and postmortem inspection of poultry, process control, and sanitation standards for poultry processors.

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Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)

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Purpose: To ensure the U.S. food supply is safe by shifting the focus from responding to contamination to preventing it. Provisions: Mandatory preventive controls for food facilities, increased oversight of food imports, authority to issue mandatory recalls, and requirement for food producers to have food safety plans.

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Egg Products Inspection Act (EPIA) of 1970

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Purpose: To ensure that egg products are wholesome, not adulterated, and properly labeled and packaged. Provisions: Requires pasteurization of egg products to destroy Salmonella, continuous USDA inspection of processing plants, and mandatory plant facilities and operating requirements.

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