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Air Pollution and Control
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Flashcards
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Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
Effects: Smog, respiratory issues, eutrophication. Control Measures: Selective catalytic reduction, low NOx burners.
Lead (Pb)
Effects: Neurological effects, developmental issues. Control Measures: Phasing out of leaded gasoline, waste management.
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
Effects: Respiratory problems, acid rain. Control Measures: Flue gas desulfurization, low sulfur fuels.
Ozone (O3)
Effects: Respiratory issues, crop damage. Control Measures: Reduction of VOCs and NOx emissions.
Benzene (C6H6)
Effects: Carcinogenic, blood disorders. Control Measures: Leak detection, substitution with less harmful solvents.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Effects: Ozone depletion, global warming. Control Measures: Phasing out through Montreal Protocol, replacement with HFCs.
Cadmium (Cd)
Effects: Kidney damage, bone fragility, cancer. Control Measures: Industrial emission controls, proper waste disposal.
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Effects: Impedes oxygen transport in blood, heart diseases. Control Measures: Catalytic converters, oxygenated fuels.
Particulate Matter (PM)
Effects: Lung diseases, heart conditions. Control Measures: Electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters.
Formaldehyde (HCHO)
Effects: Eye, nose, throat irritation, carcinogenic. Control Measures: Improved indoor air quality, use of low-emitting products.
Mercury (Hg)
Effects: Neurological damage, bioaccumulation. Control Measures: Coal washing, air pollution control devices.
Asbestos
Effects: Lung cancer, mesothelioma. Control Measures: Asbestos abatement, use of alternative materials.
Radon (Rn)
Effects: Lung cancer. Control Measures: Building ventilation, radon barrier installation.
Ammonia (NH3)
Effects: Eutrophication, soil acidification. Control Measures: Proper handling of agricultural waste, catalytic converters.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Effects: Photochemical smog, carcinogenic. Control Measures: Vapor recovery systems, catalytic oxidizers.
Dioxins
Effects: Toxic, cancer risk, endocrine disruption. Control Measures: Incineration controls, reduction of chlorine use in paper bleaching.
Arsenic (As)
Effects: Skin lesions, cancer, cardiovascular diseases. Control Measures: Water treatment, reduction of industrial emissions.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Effects: Cancer risk, immune system disruption. Control Measures: Elimination of PCB production, cleanup of contaminated sites.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Effects: Global warming, ocean acidification. Control Measures: Carbon capture and storage, renewable energy sources.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Effects: Carcinogenic, mutagenic. Control Measures: Combustion control, emission treatment technologies.
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