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Environmental Laws and Regulaions
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Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
Legislation aimed to protect the quality of drinking water in the U.S.; established in 1974.
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
Law that gives EPA the authority to require reporting, record-keeping and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances; became effective in 1976.
Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA)
Law passed in 1972 to encourage coastal states to develop and implement coastal zone management plans.
Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA)
Law that set pesticide limits in food, and all active and inactive ingredients must not cause a reasonable risk to humans; established in 1996.
Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (FWCA)
Statute that mandates federal agencies to consult with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and state wildlife agencies regarding the impact of water projects on fish and wildlife; established in 1934.
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Environmental law creating the framework for the proper management of hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste; enacted in 1976.
Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA)
Law sometimes called the Ocean Dumping Act, which regulates intentional ocean disposal of materials; enacted in 1972.
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
Law established to assure safe and healthful working conditions by setting and enforcing standards and providing training, outreach, education, and assistance; enacted in 1970.
Mineral Leasing Act
Law that governs leasing of public lands for the development of several mineral resources, including coal, oil, gas, and other non-energy leasable minerals; established in 1920.
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA)
Law passed in 1938 giving authority to the FDA to oversee the safety of food, drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics.
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
Federal law that sets up the basic U.S. system of pesticide regulation to protect applicators, consumers, and the environment; originally passed in 1947.
Energy Policy Act
Legislation designed to address energy production in the United States, including energy efficiency, renewable energy, oil and gas, coal, tribal energy, nuclear matters and security, vehicles and motor fuels, including ethanol; first passed in 1992 with major amendments in 2005.
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)
U.S. law created to help communities plan for chemical emergencies; passed in 1986 as a part of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA Title III).
Farm Security and Rural Investment Act (FSRIA)
Legislation also known as the 2002 Farm Bill, which includes provisions for conservation, forestry, energy, rural development, and trade; signed into law in 2002.
Oil Pollution Act (OPA)
Law that was passed in 1990 in response to the Exxon Valdez oil spill; it helps mitigates and prevents civil liability from future oil spills off the coast of the United States.
Endangered Species Act (ESA)
Law that provides for the conservation of species that are endangered or threatened; enacted in 1973.
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
Environmental law that promotes the enhancement of the environment and established the President's Council on Environmental Quality; passed in 1969.
Antiquities Act
Law that allows the President of the United States to create National Monuments from federal lands to protect significant natural, cultural, or scientific features; enacted in 1906.
Atomic Energy Act (AEA)
Federal law that provides for the development and regulation of the uses of nuclear materials and facilities in the U.S.; first passed in 1946, key amendments in 1954.
Clean Air Act (CAA)
Federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level; established in 1970.
Clean Water Act (CWA)
Law that regulates the discharge of pollutants into the waters of the United States; originally passed in 1972.
Noise Control Act (NCA)
Act that gives the Environmental Protection Agency the power to set emission standards for virtually all sources of noise; established in 1972.
Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA)
Federal law that prohibits the hunting, killing, trading, or taking of migratory birds, their eggs, parts, and nests except as permitted under the law; originally passed in 1918.
Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA)
Law passed in 2007 aiming to improve vehicle fuel economy and enhance U.S. energy security by increasing production of biofuels.
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act
Legislation that prohibits the sale, transport, or possession of bald and golden eagles, including their parts, eggs, and nests, without proper permits; enacted in 1940.
Lacey Act
Federal conservation law prohibiting the trafficking of illegal wildlife; enacted in 1900, it's one of the oldest wildlife protection laws.
Water Resources Development Act (WRDA)
Series of laws aimed at improving water infrastructure, including navigation, flood control, and environmental restoration; initially passed in 1974.
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
Federal law, also known as Superfund, designed to clean up sites contaminated with hazardous substances; ratified in 1980.
Wilderness Act
Act that created the legal definition of wilderness and protected 9.1 million acres of federal land; passed in 1964.
Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)
Program that requires transportation fuel sold in the U.S. to contain a minimum volume of renewable fuels; started in 2005.
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