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The infrastructure that provides electrical power to trains via overhead cables.

An apparatus mounted on the roof of an electric train to collect power from the overhead lines.

An additional rail beside the main tracks that supplies power to electric trains through a contact shoe.

Device that slides along the third rail to collect electrical power for the train.

A braking system that recovers energy during braking and feeds it back into the train's power system.

Motors that drive the wheels of an electric train, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.

A device that converts direct current (DC) from the power source into alternating current (AC) for the traction motors.

A component that changes the voltage of the electrical power supply to the levels required by the traction motors.

Facility that converts the electrical supply from the grid to the appropriate voltage and type for railway use.

A traction system that utilizes direct current for the operation of trains.

A traction system that uses alternating current, typically with high voltages, for train operation.

A multiple-car train set that operates with a self-contained electric propulsion system.

A type of magnetic levitation where the train is levitated by electromagnetic forces between it and the track.

A system that enables automatic control of the train's movement, reducing the need for human intervention.

A signaling system that divides a railway line into blocks and ensures only one train occupies a block at a time.

Tracks where rails are welded together to form a continuous solid track, reducing joints and providing a smoother ride.

A transponder placed between the rails that communicates with the train's onboard equipment providing location and signaling information.

The cross-sectional shape of a rail, influencing the train's grip, wear resistance, and overall stability.

A type of overhead line equipment where wires are suspended in a catenary curve between supports, providing power to trains.

An onboard system that monitors and controls traction and braking, doors, and other train subsystems.

Technologies that store energy for later use in train operations, such as batteries or supercapacitors.

A type of track construction that uses concrete slabs instead of traditional ballasted tracks, offering higher stability and lower maintenance.

The time or distance interval between trains running on the same line, crucial for traffic management and safety.

The time a train spends at a station while passengers board and alight, influencing the overall service frequency.

The components that connect rails to the railroad ties, ensuring the stability of the tracks.

A rectangular support for rails, traditionally made of wood, but also can be concrete or steel, to maintain the gauge and stability of tracks.

A location where a railway line crosses a road or path at the same level, requiring signaling systems for safety.

The distance between the inner sides of the rail heads, defining the width of the railway track.

The weight that a single train axle can bear, influencing the design and maintenance of tracks.