Explore tens of thousands of sets crafted by our community.
Foundation Types
12
Flashcards
0/12
Helical Piles
Screw-like piles that are twisted into the ground. Use cases: environmentally sensitive areas, tension loads. Advantages: minimal soil disturbance, quick installation. Disadvantages: specific equipment required, limited load capacity.
End-Bearing Piles
Piles that transfer load to a solid stratum. Use cases: deep load-bearing layers present. Advantages: direct load transfer. Disadvantages: Requires accurate depth placement, ineffective in soft strata.
Friction Piles
Piles that transfer load via friction between soil and pile surface. Use cases: No suitable bearing stratum. Advantages: Can be used in various soil conditions. Disadvantages: Load capacity hard to predict.
Shallow Foundation
A foundation placed near to the ground surface; typically used where soil has adequate bearing capacity. Advantages: economical, easy to construct. Disadvantages: prone to differential settlement in non-uniform soil conditions.
Strap Footing
A type of combined footing for two columns when one column is near a property line. Advantages: Reduce eccentricity, effective in tight spaces. Disadvantages: More complex than individual footings.
Mat (Raft) Foundation
A large slab supporting multiple columns and walls, reducing differential settlement. Use cases: Large buildings, poor soil. Advantages: uniform stress distribution. Disadvantages: can be expensive.
Spread Footing
Individual pad foundation that distributes the load over a larger area. Use cases: single column support. Advantages: simple design, cost-effective. Disadvantages: not suitable for poor soil.
Pile Foundation
Deep foundation; long, slender columns driven into the ground. Use cases: weak soil, high loads. Advantages: reaches load-bearing strata. Disadvantages: requires heavy machinery, vibration issues.
Deep Foundation
A foundation that transfers building loads to the earth farther down from the surface. Use cases: skyscrapers, bridges. Advantages: suitable for high load-bearing. Disadvantages: more expensive, complex construction.
Compensated Foundation
A foundation designed to balance the weight of the excavated soil with that of the new structure. Use cases: Urban high-rises, minimizing settlement. Advantages: prevents excessive settlement. Disadvantages: complex analysis and construction.
Drilled Shafts (Caissons)
Deep foundation; a long cylindrical column constructed by excavating soil and pouring concrete. Use cases: bridges, sound barrier walls. Advantages: high capacity, less prone to settlement. Disadvantages: sensitive to construction process.
Grade Beam
A reinforced concrete beam connecting the tops of piles, spreading out the load. Use cases: when piles are used in a group. Advantages: good load distribution. Disadvantages: Additional excavation and formwork required.
© Hypatia.Tech. 2024 All rights reserved.