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The use of materials with low environmental impact, such as recycled, renewable, or locally sourced materials, to minimize energy consumption and reduce waste.

Design strategies that minimize energy requirements for operation and maintenance of structures, including effective insulation, passive solar heating, and natural ventilation.

Incorporating systems and design decisions that reduce water use, such as low-flow fixtures, rainwater harvesting, and wastewater recycling in building operations.

Approaches to lower the amount of greenhouse gas emissions associated with the construction and operation of structures, including the use of low-carbon materials and energy sources.

The practice of repurposing existing buildings for new uses, which conserves resources and energy that would otherwise be expended in demolition and new construction.

Building components are prefabricated off-site and then assembled on-site, reducing construction waste, time, and environmental disturbance.

A systematic analysis of the environmental impact of materials or structures over their entire life span, guiding sustainable material selection and design.

Design strategies that integrate buildings into their environmental and social context, encouraging walkability, public transportation, and resource efficiency.

Techniques in design and land use that promote the presence of native species and natural ecosystems, such as green roofs and living walls.

A digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a structure, BIM facilitates a more efficient and less wasteful construction process.

A design philosophy that harnesses natural energy from the sun to heat and light buildings, thereby reducing the need for artificial heating and lighting.