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A reinforced concrete wall that is fixed at its base and free at the top, designed to resist the earth pressure by bending.

A type of cantilever wall reinforced with counterforts attached to the back of the wall slab and base slab, designed to minimize bending moments.

Any additional load placed on the ground surface behind a retaining wall, affecting the design by increasing the lateral earth pressure.

A wall constructed by driving interlocking steel, wood, or vinyl sheets into the ground to provide earth retention and excavation support.

Small openings in a retaining wall that allow water to drain from the soil behind the wall, reducing hydrostatic pressure and preventing water buildup.

The process of embedding the base of a retaining wall into the ground to enhance sliding resistance and overall stability.

A flexible wall system made from steel wire mesh filled with stone or other suitable material, often used for slope stabilization and erosion control.

The intentional inclination of a retaining wall face towards the retained soil, designed to improve wall stability by utilizing gravity.

Geosynthetic material used to reinforce soil behind a retaining wall, increasing its stability and helping withstand lateral earth pressures.

The assessment of the potential for the retained soil to slough or slide, which is crucial for the safe design of retaining walls.

The material placed behind a retaining wall, which needs to have appropriate drainage characteristics to reduce hydrostatic pressure and prevent wall failure.

A type of retaining wall that relies on its own weight to hold back earth pressure. It achieves stability through its mass.

A wall that uses anchors or tiebacks implanted in the soil or rock behind it to provide additional support and resist lateral earth pressure.

The lower part of the wall that spreads the load over a broader area, providing support and reducing the chance of base failure due to overstressing the soil.