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Influential Environmental Legislation

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Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

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Provides for federal regulation of pesticide distribution, sale, and use. All pesticides used in the United States must be registered (licensed) by EPA.

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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

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Establishes the framework for the proper management of hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste. The Act directs how to safely dispose of waste to protect human health and the environment.

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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

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Aims to clean up sites contaminated with hazardous substances and pollutants. It established a tax on the chemical and petroleum industries and provided broad Federal authority to respond directly to releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances.

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National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

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Promotes the enhancement of the environment and established the President's Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ). NEPA requires federal agencies to assess the environmental effects of their proposed actions prior to making decisions.

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Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)

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Gives EPA the authority to require reporting, record-keeping and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances and/or mixtures. Certain substances are generally excluded from TSCA.

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Clean Air Act

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A United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level. It is one of the most comprehensive air quality laws in the world.

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Endangered Species Act

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Provides for the conservation and protection of ecosystems upon which endangered and threatened species depend. It aims to recover species to a point where they no longer need protection under the ESA.

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Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA)

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Regulates the dumping of all types of materials into ocean waters and authorizes related research. Often referred to as the Ocean Dumping Act.

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Energy Policy Act

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Addresses energy production in the United States, including energy efficiency, renewable energy, oil and gas, coal, tribal energy, nuclear matters and security, vehicles and motor fuels, including ethanol.

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Clean Water Act

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Aimed at reducing pollution in the United States' waterways and protecting water quality. It establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants and quality standards for surface waters.

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