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Famous European Battles
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Battle of Hastings
Date: October 14, 1066 Location: Hastings, England Outcome: Norman victory, beginning of Norman conquest of England
Battle of Tours
Date: October 10, 732 Location: Tours, France Outcome: Frankish victory, halted Muslim expansion into Western Europe
Battle of Agincourt
Date: October 25, 1415 Location: Agincourt, France Outcome: English victory, notable for the use of the English longbow
Battle of Waterloo
Date: June 18, 1815 Location: Waterloo, Belgium Outcome: Coalition victory, ended Napoleonic Wars
Battle of Leipzig
Date: October 16-19, 1813 Location: Leipzig, Germany Outcome: Coalition victory, decisive defeat for Napoleon
Battle of Stalingrad
Date: August 23, 1942 - February 2, 1943 Location: Stalingrad, Soviet Union Outcome: Decisive Soviet victory, turning point in WWII on the Eastern Front
Battle of Lepanto
Date: October 7, 1571 Location: Gulf of Patras, Ionian Sea Outcome: Holy League victory, diminished Ottoman naval power
Siege of Vienna
Date: September 27 – October 15, 1529 Location: Vienna, Austria Outcome: Victory for the Holy Roman Empire, stopped first Ottoman attempt to capture Vienna
Battle of Blenheim
Date: August 13, 1704 Location: Blenheim, Germany Outcome: Grand Alliance victory, broke French dominance in the War of the Spanish Succession
Battle of Austerlitz
Date: December 2, 1805 Location: Austerlitz, Moravia Outcome: Decisive French victory, Napoleon establishes dominance over Europe
Battle of Trafalgar
Date: October 21, 1805 Location: Cape Trafalgar, Spain Outcome: British naval victory, ensured British naval supremacy for over a century
Siege of Orleans
Date: October 12, 1428 - May 8, 1429 Location: Orleans, France Outcome: French victory, marked the turning point of the Hundred Years' War
Battle of Grunwald
Date: July 15, 1410 Location: Grunwald, Poland Outcome: Decisive victory for the Polish-Lithuanian forces, dealt a severe blow to the Teutonic Knights
Siege of Constantinople (1453)
Date: April 6 - May 29, 1453 Location: Constantinople, Byzantine Empire Outcome: Ottoman victory, fall of Constantinople, end of the Byzantine Empire
Battle of Kursk
Date: July 5 - August 23, 1943 Location: Kursk, Soviet Union Outcome: Decisive Soviet victory, failed German offensive
Battle of Marston Moor
Date: July 2, 1644 Location: Marston Moor, England Outcome: Parliamentary victory, marked the beginning of the decline for the Royalist forces in the English Civil War
Battle of Breitenfeld
Date: September 17, 1631 Location: Breitenfeld, Saxony, Holy Roman Empire Outcome: Protestant victory, first major victory for Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden in the Thirty Years' War
Battle of Mohács
Date: August 29, 1526 Location: Mohács, Hungary Outcome: Decisive Ottoman victory, marked the beginning of Ottoman control over Hungary
Great Turkish War - Battle of Vienna
Date: September 12, 1683 Location: Vienna, Austria Outcome: Decisive victory for the Holy League, pushback against the Ottoman Empire
Battle of Navarino
Date: October 20, 1827 Location: Navarino, Greece Outcome: Decisive Allied victory, crucial step towards Greek independence from the Ottoman Empire
Battle of Crecy
Date: August 26, 1346 Location: Crecy, France Outcome: English victory, showcased the power of the English longbow against French knights
Battle of Poitiers
Date: September 19, 1356 Location: Poitiers, France Outcome: English victory, King John II of France captured by the English
Battle of the Bulge
Date: December 16, 1944 - January 25, 1945 Location: Ardennes region, Belgium Outcome: Allied victory, major German offensive repelled
Battle of Verdun
Date: February 21 - December 18, 1916 Location: Verdun, France Outcome: French victory, one of the longest and bloodiest battles of WWI
Battle of Somme
Date: July 1 - November 18, 1916 Location: Somme River, France Outcome: Indecisive, one of the bloodiest battles of WWI, heavy casualties on both sides
Battle of Passchendaele
Date: July 31 - November 6, 1917 Location: Passchendaele, Belgium Outcome: Allied victory, known for the horrific muddy conditions and the use of poison gas
The Spanish Armada
Date: July 1588 Location: English Channel Outcome: English naval victory, marked the decline of Spanish maritime dominance
Battle of Lützen
Date: November 16, 1632 Location: Lützen, Saxony, Holy Roman Empire Outcome: Swedish victory, but with the death of King Gustavus Adolphus
Battle of Zama
Date: 202 BC Location: Zama, near Carthage Outcome: Roman victory, end of the Second Punic War with Hannibal's defeat
Battle of Cannae
Date: August 2, 216 BC Location: Cannae, Italy Outcome: Carthaginian victory, Hannibal's tactical masterpiece against the Romans
Battle of Philippi
Date: October 42 BC Location: Philippi, Macedonia Outcome: Triumvirs' victory, the decisive battle that led to the end of the Roman Republic
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