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Feminist Philosophy Fundamentals
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Patriarchy
A social system in which men hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property.
The Personal is Political
A feminist slogan expressing that personal experiences (especially of women) are often rooted in political conditions and larger social structures.
Androcentrism
The practice, conscious or otherwise, of placing a masculine point of view at the center of one's world view, culture, and history, thereby marginalizing femininity.
Feminist Epistemology
An approach to philosophy that emphasizes the way in which gender influences our understanding of knowledge, reality, and the justification of belief.
Social Constructionism
A theory that suggests that our understanding of reality is constructed through human interaction and socially transmitted beliefs rather than fixed or natural laws.
Gender Essentialism
The belief that men and women have inherent, unique, and natural attributes that qualify them as their separate genders.
Intersectionality
A theoretical framework for understanding how aspects of a person's social and political identities combine to create different modes of discrimination and privilege.
Performative Gender
The theory that gender is constructed through one's own repetitive performance of gendered acts that express and create the identities they signify.
Hegemonic Masculinity
A concept that describes the norms that dictate that men possess certain qualities such as being strong, self-reliant, and unemotional, and have to be dominant over women and other men.
Objectification
Treating a person as an object or thing, without regard to their personality or dignity. Often discussed in the context of the sexual objectification of women.
Transnational Feminism
A feminist movement that highlights the different socioeconomic and political contexts in which women live around the world and challenges the universality of western feminist ideas.
Ecofeminism
A branch of feminism that sees a relationship between the exploitation and degradation of the natural world and the subordination of women, advocating for environmental protection and female empowerment.
Standpoint Theory
A feminist theoretical perspective that argues that knowledge is situated and that the position from which one speaks impacts what one knows or can know.
Compulsory Heterosexuality
The idea that heterosexuality is assumed and enforced by a patriarchal and heteronormative society, marginalizing other forms of sexuality.
Queer Theory
A perspective that questions normative definitions of gender and sexuality and examines the social construction and intersection of identity categories.
Subjectivity
The ways in which personal experiences, social contexts, and cultural norms shape the perspectives of individuals, emphasizing the non-objectivity of experiences.
Womanism
A social and political movement rooted in the racial and gender oppression of black women, and calling for cultural affirmation and inclusivity.
Feminist Critique of Science
An examination of how gender inequality and sexist biases impact scientific research and institutional practices, leading to calls for more inclusive and reflective methods.
Feminist Ethics
An approach to ethics that critiques traditional ethics as male-dominated and seeks to redefine moral reasoning to include the moral experience of women.
Body Politics
The struggle over the power to regulate, discipline, celebrate, or control the body in socio-political contexts, often linked to feminist struggles over reproductive rights, sexualities, and beauty standards.
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