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Feminist Philosophy Fundamentals

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Patriarchy

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A social system in which men hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property.

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The Personal is Political

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A feminist slogan expressing that personal experiences (especially of women) are often rooted in political conditions and larger social structures.

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Androcentrism

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The practice, conscious or otherwise, of placing a masculine point of view at the center of one's world view, culture, and history, thereby marginalizing femininity.

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Feminist Epistemology

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An approach to philosophy that emphasizes the way in which gender influences our understanding of knowledge, reality, and the justification of belief.

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Social Constructionism

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A theory that suggests that our understanding of reality is constructed through human interaction and socially transmitted beliefs rather than fixed or natural laws.

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Gender Essentialism

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The belief that men and women have inherent, unique, and natural attributes that qualify them as their separate genders.

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Intersectionality

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A theoretical framework for understanding how aspects of a person's social and political identities combine to create different modes of discrimination and privilege.

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Performative Gender

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The theory that gender is constructed through one's own repetitive performance of gendered acts that express and create the identities they signify.

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Hegemonic Masculinity

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A concept that describes the norms that dictate that men possess certain qualities such as being strong, self-reliant, and unemotional, and have to be dominant over women and other men.

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Objectification

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Treating a person as an object or thing, without regard to their personality or dignity. Often discussed in the context of the sexual objectification of women.

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Transnational Feminism

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A feminist movement that highlights the different socioeconomic and political contexts in which women live around the world and challenges the universality of western feminist ideas.

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Ecofeminism

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A branch of feminism that sees a relationship between the exploitation and degradation of the natural world and the subordination of women, advocating for environmental protection and female empowerment.

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Standpoint Theory

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A feminist theoretical perspective that argues that knowledge is situated and that the position from which one speaks impacts what one knows or can know.

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Compulsory Heterosexuality

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The idea that heterosexuality is assumed and enforced by a patriarchal and heteronormative society, marginalizing other forms of sexuality.

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Queer Theory

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A perspective that questions normative definitions of gender and sexuality and examines the social construction and intersection of identity categories.

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Subjectivity

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The ways in which personal experiences, social contexts, and cultural norms shape the perspectives of individuals, emphasizing the non-objectivity of experiences.

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Womanism

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A social and political movement rooted in the racial and gender oppression of black women, and calling for cultural affirmation and inclusivity.

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Feminist Critique of Science

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An examination of how gender inequality and sexist biases impact scientific research and institutional practices, leading to calls for more inclusive and reflective methods.

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Feminist Ethics

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An approach to ethics that critiques traditional ethics as male-dominated and seeks to redefine moral reasoning to include the moral experience of women.

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Body Politics

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The struggle over the power to regulate, discipline, celebrate, or control the body in socio-political contexts, often linked to feminist struggles over reproductive rights, sexualities, and beauty standards.

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