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Metaphysical Aspects of Consciousness
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Qualia
Subjective experiences that cannot be directly measured or communicated.
Dualism
The belief that mind and body are fundamentally different kinds of things.
Physicalism
The theory that everything that exists is no more extensive than its physical properties.
Panpsychism
The view that consciousness is a fundamental and widespread property of the world.
Epiphenomenalism
The theory that mental phenomena are causal outcomes of physical processes but have no causal influence themselves.
Neutral Monism
The perspective that mind and body are two aspects of the same substance, which is itself neither mental nor physical.
Idealism
The metaphysical view that the mind or spirit constitutes the fundamental reality.
Property Dualism
The position that there are mental properties that are not reducible to physical properties.
Substance Dualism
The belief in the existence of two kinds of substance: mental and material.
Interactionism
The theory that the mind and body interact causally with each other.
Emergentism
The belief that consciousness arises from the right organization of physical processes, but isn't reducible to them.
Functionalism
The view that mental states are constituted by their functional role in the computational or input-output profile of a system.
Pantheism
The belief that divinity or consciousness is identical with or pervades everything.
Multiple Realizability
The idea that a single mental state could be instantiated by many different physical states.
Quantum Consciousness
The speculation that quantum mechanical phenomena, like entanglement and superposition, may play a part in cognitive processes.
Intentionality
The philosophical concept that consciousness is about or of something.
Mysterianism
The view that the hard problem of consciousness may never be solved by human minds.
Phenomenal Consciousness
The aspect of consciousness dealing with the experiential or 'what it is like' component.
Access Consciousness
The aspect of consciousness that relates to the availability of information to various cognitive processes.
Non-Reductive Physicalism
The position that while mental states are physical they cannot be reduced to physical properties.
Type Identity Theory
The belief that mental states are directly identifiable with physical brain states.
Token Identity Theory
A claim that individual instances of mental states can be identified with individual physical states.
Eliminative Materialism
The notion that common-sense psychological concepts of belief and desire are false and should be replaced by a more robust neurological framework.
Supervenience
The relationship between two sets of properties such that when one set of properties changes, there must be a corresponding change in the other set.
Mental Causation
The concept concerning the causal roles of mental states and consciousness in producing behavior and actions.
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