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Modal Logic in Metaphysics

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Barcan Formula

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Addresses whether something that exists necessarily in every possible world implies its existence in the actual world, influencing the debate on the relationship between modal truths and ontology.

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Essentialism

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Underscores arguments surrounding which properties are essential or necessary to an entity's identity, relying on modal logic's distinction between necessary and contingent properties.

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Possible Worlds Semantics

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Frames discussions about alternative ways the world might have been, providing a structured approach to talk about necessity and possibility in a metaphysical context.

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Modal Anti-Realism

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Contrasts with modal realism and influences metaphysical debates on whether possible worlds are just useful fictions rather than real entities.

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Necessity of Origin

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Impacts debates about whether individuals could have originated from different parents or sources, influencing the discussions on the metaphysics of identity and individual essence.

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Modal Realism

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Informs discussions on the ontological status of possible worlds, raising questions about the existence and nature of non-actual possibles.

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Rigid Designators

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Illuminates debates on identity across possible worlds, shaping discussions on the essence and the necessary properties of entities.

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Transworld Heir Lines

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Engages with the issue of how individuals or properties are inherited across different possible worlds, influencing discussions on essentialism and the nature of properties.

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Possibility and Necessity

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Explores how metaphysical statements could be necessarily true or possibly true, impacting discussions of essential properties and contingent facts.

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Kripkean Accessibility Relation

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Details how one possible world might access another, affecting conversations on the interrelationship between different modes of being and the nature of modal truths.

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Modal Logic Systems

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Underpins metaphysical debates with distinct sets of axioms and theorems (e.g., S4, S5), affecting theories of possible worlds and modal truths.

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Alethic Modalities

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Crucial for exploring metaphysical distinctions between different kinds of truths—necessary, possible, and impossible truths—and their implications.

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The Principle of Sufficient Reason

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Applies in assessing whether every truth must have an explanation, including modal truths, thus affecting metaphysical discussions around causation and the nature of reality.

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Interworld Identity

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Contributes to the puzzle of whether individuals can exist across multiple possible worlds, influencing metaphysical theories of identity and persistence.

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Modal Epistemology

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Plays a role in questioning how we come to know modal truths, which in turn affects metaphysical discussions on knowledge of essences and possibilities.

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Counterpart Theory

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Affects metaphysical debates on identity and difference in modal reasoning, questioning how entities in different possible worlds relate to one another.

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Subjunctive Conditionals

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Incorporates counterfactual thinking into metaphysical debates, informing our understanding of causation, free will, and the nature of possibility.

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De Re vs. De Dicto Necessity

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Clarifies distinctions in discussions of properties or truths of objects (de re) versus propositions or statements (de dicto), affecting understanding of ontological commitments.

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Actuality Operator

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Shapes metaphysical debates by providing a way to distinguish actuality from mere possibility, affecting discussions on the uniqueness of the actual world.

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Modal Fallacies

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Informs the critique of metaphysical arguments that incorrectly apply modal concepts, sharpening the distinction between valid and fallacious reasoning involving modal terms.

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