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Basic Rock Climbing Terms

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Kneebar

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A climbing technique where a climber uses their knee and foot on opposing surfaces to create tension and support their weight.

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Nut

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A piece of climbing protection that is wedged into cracks in the rock face.

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Undercling

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A hold that is gripped with the palm of the hand facing upwards, using upward pressure to maintain the grip.

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Whipper

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A long and dramatic fall taken by a climber when lead climbing, typically safe due to the protection and belaying.

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Flash

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Completing a route on the first attempt without prior practice or beta.

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Quickdraw

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A piece of climbing equipment that connects the climbing rope to bolts or gear, consisting of two carabiners connected by a sewn sling or webbing.

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Crimp

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A small hold that requires precise finger placement and significant finger strength to grip.

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Gaston

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A climbing hold grip where the hand is turned thumb-down and pushed outward against a side pull.

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Layback

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A climbing technique where the climber leans back and pulls on a hold while pushing against another with their feet.

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Send

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Successfully climbing a route from start to finish without falling.

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Smearing

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A footwork technique where the climber uses the rubber of their shoe to gain traction on a flat or sloping surface without definite footholds.

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X-move

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A climbing technique that involves crossing one hand over the other to reach the next hold.

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Mantel

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A climbing move where the climber presses down with their hands to lift their body onto a ledge, similar to getting out of a pool.

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Pitch

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A section of a climb between two belay points, often a full length of the rope.

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Knots

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Ties in the rope used for various purposes such as securing the climber or the belayer to an anchor or to tie in the rope to a harness.

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Edging

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Using the edge of the climbing shoe to stand on small footholds.

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On-sight

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Climbing a route successfully on the first attempt without prior knowledge of the route and without falling or resting on the gear.

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Yosemite Decimal System

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A system used to rank the difficulty of walks, hikes, and climbs, mostly used in the United States, especially for climbs above 5.0.

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Dyno

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A dynamic move that involves jumping or lunging from one hold to another.

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Jug

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A large and easy-to-grip hold that climbers can wrap their hands around.

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Redpoint

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Climbing a route cleanly after having previously attempted it.

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Volume

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A large, geometric climbing hold or feature attached to the wall, often used to create more complex routes.

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Top-rope

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Climbing with the rope anchored at the top of the climb, minimizing the distance of a potential fall.

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Z-clip

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A mistake made when lead climbing where the climber clips the rope into a quickdraw in such a way that it creates a 'Z' pattern and can lead to rope drag or more serious hazards.

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Belay

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The technique used to keep a climber safe with a rope, involving a belayer who manages the rope to catch the climber in case of a fall.

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