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Trail Running Vocabulary
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Hydration Pack
A pack or vest worn by runners that holds water or a sports drink, often with a tube for easy drinking while on the move.
Switchbacks
Sections of trail that zigzag up steep terrain to make the incline more manageable.
Drop Bag
A bag that contains personal gear or supplies, which is left at an aid station for the runner to pick up during a race.
Crew
A team of people who support a trail runner during a race, often meeting them at various points to supply food, clothes, and encouragement.
Singletrack
A narrow trail that is typically only wide enough for one person at a time.
Cutoff Time
A time limit that runners must reach at certain points or the finish line of a race, beyond which they are not allowed to continue.
Foot Strike
The manner in which a runner's foot lands on the ground with each step.
Gaiters
A piece of protective clothing that covers the shoe and lower pant leg, used to keep trail debris from entering a runner's shoes.
Course Marker
Signs or physical markers that are used to outline the path of the trail on which racers should remain.
Pacer
An experienced runner who accompanies another runner, typically in longer races, to help maintain a desired pace.
Bib
A number assigned to each runner in a race, typically worn on the front of the shirt or shorts.
Recovery
The process and practices that help the body repair itself after training or racing.
Vertical Kilometer (VK)
A race where participants climb a course with an elevation gain of one kilometer as quickly as possible.
Fueling
The act of eating or drinking during a run to maintain energy levels and hydration.
Aid Station
A checkpoint along the trail where runners can get food, water, and medical assistance.
Fell Running
A sport that involves running and racing off-road, often over upland country, where the gradient climbed is a significant component.
Chafing
Skin irritation caused by repeated friction, often from clothing or skin-on-skin contact during long runs.
Zone Training
A training method which involves targeting specific heart rate zones to improve endurance and speed.
Technical Trail
A type of trail that is challenging due to obstacles such as roots, rocks, and steep inclines.
Ultra Trail
Any trail running event that exceeds the standard marathon distance of 42.195 kilometers (26.219 miles).
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