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Trail Running Vocabulary

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Hydration Pack

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A pack or vest worn by runners that holds water or a sports drink, often with a tube for easy drinking while on the move.

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Switchbacks

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Sections of trail that zigzag up steep terrain to make the incline more manageable.

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Drop Bag

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A bag that contains personal gear or supplies, which is left at an aid station for the runner to pick up during a race.

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Crew

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A team of people who support a trail runner during a race, often meeting them at various points to supply food, clothes, and encouragement.

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Singletrack

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A narrow trail that is typically only wide enough for one person at a time.

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Cutoff Time

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A time limit that runners must reach at certain points or the finish line of a race, beyond which they are not allowed to continue.

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Foot Strike

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The manner in which a runner's foot lands on the ground with each step.

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Gaiters

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A piece of protective clothing that covers the shoe and lower pant leg, used to keep trail debris from entering a runner's shoes.

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Course Marker

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Signs or physical markers that are used to outline the path of the trail on which racers should remain.

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Pacer

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An experienced runner who accompanies another runner, typically in longer races, to help maintain a desired pace.

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Bib

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A number assigned to each runner in a race, typically worn on the front of the shirt or shorts.

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Recovery

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The process and practices that help the body repair itself after training or racing.

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Vertical Kilometer (VK)

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A race where participants climb a course with an elevation gain of one kilometer as quickly as possible.

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Fueling

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The act of eating or drinking during a run to maintain energy levels and hydration.

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Aid Station

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A checkpoint along the trail where runners can get food, water, and medical assistance.

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Fell Running

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A sport that involves running and racing off-road, often over upland country, where the gradient climbed is a significant component.

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Chafing

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Skin irritation caused by repeated friction, often from clothing or skin-on-skin contact during long runs.

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Zone Training

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A training method which involves targeting specific heart rate zones to improve endurance and speed.

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Technical Trail

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A type of trail that is challenging due to obstacles such as roots, rocks, and steep inclines.

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Ultra Trail

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Any trail running event that exceeds the standard marathon distance of 42.195 kilometers (26.219 miles).

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