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Recreational Sailing Fundamentals

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No-Go Zone

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An area into the wind in which a sailboat cannot produce enough forward thrust to make headway.

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Winch

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A mechanical device used to pull in or let out ropes to adjust the tension of sails.

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Tacking

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A sailing maneuver used to turn the boat's bow through the wind so that the wind changes from one side of the boat to the other.

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Rudder

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A flat piece, usually made of wood, metal, or plastic, that is used to steer a boat.

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Trimming

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Adjusting the position of the sails in relation to the wind to maximize efficiency and speed.

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Keel

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A structural element of a boat that runs longitudinally along the centerline of the hull, the main function of which is to provide stability and reduce the sideways drift of the boat.

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True Wind

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The wind as it is experienced by an object that is stationary relative to the ground or the surface of the ocean.

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Jibing

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A sailing maneuver that turns the stern through the wind to change the direction in which the wind blows from one side of the boat to the other.

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Capsize

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When a boat tips over in the water.

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Broad Reach

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A point of sail where the wind is coming over the quarter (rear) of the boat at an angle.

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Bowline Knot

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A type of knot that creates a fixed loop at the end of a rope and is commonly used in sailing.

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Boom Vang

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A device or rigging on a sailboat used to control the boom's angle horizontally and to control sail shape.

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Leeward

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The direction away from the wind. Opposite of windward.

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Points of Sail

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The boat's direction relative to the wind direction, including close-hauled, reaching, and running.

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Sailing Regatta

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A series of boat races.

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Close-Hauled

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A point of sail where the boat is sailing as close to the wind as possible, with the sails pulled in tight.

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Beam Reach

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A point of sail where the wind is coming directly across the side of the boat, generally considered the fastest point of sail.

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Starboard Tack

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When a sailboat is sailing with the wind coming over its starboard (right) side, and therefore has the sail(s) on its port (left) side.

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Cleat

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A fitting on which ropes can be secured.

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Port Tack

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When a sailboat is sailing with the wind coming over its port (left) side, and therefore has the sail(s) on its starboard (right) side.

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Heading

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The direction in which a vessel's bow points at any given time.

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Apparent Wind

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The wind experienced by a moving sailing vessel, which is a combination of the true wind and headwind caused by the boat's own forward motion.

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Dead Run

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Sailing with the wind directly behind the boat, a situation in which the mainsail is let all the way out, and the boat is moving directly downwind.

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Windward

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The direction from which the wind is coming. Facing towards the wind.

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Hull

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The main body of a sailboat, which provides buoyancy.

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Reefing

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The act of reducing the area of a sail to lessen the force of the wind on the boat, usually in response to increasing wind speed.

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Tiller

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A lever used to turn the rudder, which in turn steers the sailboat.

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Running

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A point of sail where the boat is sailing with the wind coming directly from behind.

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Heeling

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The lean of a sailboat caused by wind pressure on the sails.

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Telltales

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Pieces of yarn or fabric attached to sails that help indicate wind direction relative to the boat and effectiveness of the sail trim.

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