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Recreational Sailing Fundamentals
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No-Go Zone
An area into the wind in which a sailboat cannot produce enough forward thrust to make headway.
Winch
A mechanical device used to pull in or let out ropes to adjust the tension of sails.
Tacking
A sailing maneuver used to turn the boat's bow through the wind so that the wind changes from one side of the boat to the other.
Rudder
A flat piece, usually made of wood, metal, or plastic, that is used to steer a boat.
Trimming
Adjusting the position of the sails in relation to the wind to maximize efficiency and speed.
Keel
A structural element of a boat that runs longitudinally along the centerline of the hull, the main function of which is to provide stability and reduce the sideways drift of the boat.
True Wind
The wind as it is experienced by an object that is stationary relative to the ground or the surface of the ocean.
Jibing
A sailing maneuver that turns the stern through the wind to change the direction in which the wind blows from one side of the boat to the other.
Capsize
When a boat tips over in the water.
Broad Reach
A point of sail where the wind is coming over the quarter (rear) of the boat at an angle.
Bowline Knot
A type of knot that creates a fixed loop at the end of a rope and is commonly used in sailing.
Boom Vang
A device or rigging on a sailboat used to control the boom's angle horizontally and to control sail shape.
Leeward
The direction away from the wind. Opposite of windward.
Points of Sail
The boat's direction relative to the wind direction, including close-hauled, reaching, and running.
Sailing Regatta
A series of boat races.
Close-Hauled
A point of sail where the boat is sailing as close to the wind as possible, with the sails pulled in tight.
Beam Reach
A point of sail where the wind is coming directly across the side of the boat, generally considered the fastest point of sail.
Starboard Tack
When a sailboat is sailing with the wind coming over its starboard (right) side, and therefore has the sail(s) on its port (left) side.
Cleat
A fitting on which ropes can be secured.
Port Tack
When a sailboat is sailing with the wind coming over its port (left) side, and therefore has the sail(s) on its starboard (right) side.
Heading
The direction in which a vessel's bow points at any given time.
Apparent Wind
The wind experienced by a moving sailing vessel, which is a combination of the true wind and headwind caused by the boat's own forward motion.
Dead Run
Sailing with the wind directly behind the boat, a situation in which the mainsail is let all the way out, and the boat is moving directly downwind.
Windward
The direction from which the wind is coming. Facing towards the wind.
Hull
The main body of a sailboat, which provides buoyancy.
Reefing
The act of reducing the area of a sail to lessen the force of the wind on the boat, usually in response to increasing wind speed.
Tiller
A lever used to turn the rudder, which in turn steers the sailboat.
Running
A point of sail where the boat is sailing with the wind coming directly from behind.
Heeling
The lean of a sailboat caused by wind pressure on the sails.
Telltales
Pieces of yarn or fabric attached to sails that help indicate wind direction relative to the boat and effectiveness of the sail trim.
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