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Common Horseback Riding Terms
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Saddle
A supportive structure for a rider of an animal, fastened to an animal's back by a girth.
Trot
A two-beat gait of a horse where diagonal pairs of legs move forward together.
Yearling
A young horse of either sex that is between one and two years old.
Paddock
A small field or enclosure where horses are kept or exercised.
Gait
The manner in which a horse moves its legs and feet while walking, trotting, cantering, etc.
Equitation
The art and practice of horse riding, especially in reference to the rider's position and ability to ride correctly and with effective aids.
Tack
The collective term for the various pieces of equipment worn by horses in the course of their use by humans.
Lope
The Western term for a canter, a slow, relaxed version of the three-beat gait.
Posting
The motion by the rider of rising out of the saddle in time with the horse's trot to have a smoother ride.
Rein
A long, narrow strap attached at one end to a horse's bit, used by the rider to control the horse.
Hand
A unit of measurement for the height of a horse, measured from the ground to the withers, where each 'hand' is equal to four inches.
Withers
The highest part of a horse's back, located between the shoulder blades, used as a standard place to measure horse height.
Fetlock
The joint on a horse's leg that is equivalent to the ankle in humans.
Farrier
A craftsman who trims and shoes horses' hooves.
Mare
A female horse after a certain age or sexual maturity, usually over three years old.
Canter
A controlled three-beat gait of a horse that is usually faster than a trot but slower than a gallop.
Bits
Pieces of horse tack that are placed in the mouth of a horse, used to aid in controlling a horse while riding.
Dressage
A highly skilled form of riding performed in exhibition and competition, as well as an art sometimes pursued solely for the sake of mastery.
Piaffe
A dressage movement where the horse trots in place, maintaining a rhythmic and elevated trot.
Collection
A state of balance and self-carriage of a horse whereby the horse carries more weight on its hindquarters than its forehand.
Diagonal
Term used in trotting to refer to the coordination of rider's posting with the horse's leg movements.
Gelding
A castrated male horse.
Martingale
A piece of equipment used to control a horse's head carriage and to prevent the horse from raising its head too high.
Furlong
A measure of distance in horse racing; one eighth of a mile or 220 yards.
Stallion
A male horse that has not been castrated, often kept for breeding.
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