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Dive Signals and Terminology

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Regulator

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A device that reduces the high-pressure gas from a diving cylinder to ambient pressure and delivers it to the diver.

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Descend

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A hand signal given by pointing downwards with the thumb, indicating the need or desire to move down in the water.

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BCD

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Buoyancy Control Device, a piece of diving equipment used to control a diver's buoyancy underwater.

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Nitrox

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A breathing gas mixture of nitrogen and oxygen with a higher than normal oxygen content, typically 32% or 36%.

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SCUBA

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Acronym for Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus, equipment allowing divers to breathe underwater.

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Trim

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The balance and position of a diver in the water, affecting hydrodynamic efficiency and air consumption.

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Buddy Check

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A pre-dive check performed with your partner to ensure all gear is functioning and properly configured.

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SPG

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Submersible Pressure Gauge, a device that displays the remaining pressure in a diving cylinder.

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Buddy Up

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A safety procedure where divers operate in pairs for mutual support and assistance.

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Not Ok

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A hand signal used to communicate a problem or that something is wrong, often by shaking a flat hand back and forth.

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Maximum Operating Depth (MOD)

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The depth at which a diver can safely breathe a specific gas mixture based on its oxygen partial pressure.

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Ascend

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A hand signal given by pointing upwards with the thumb, indicating the need or desire to move up towards the surface.

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Ceiling

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The maximum depth from which a diver can ascend directly to the surface without a decompression stop, due to nitrogen absorption.

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Out of Air

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An emergency situation where a diver has no remaining breathable gas, requiring immediate ascent or gas sharing with a buddy.

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Neutral Buoyancy

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A state where a diver neither sinks nor floats, achieved by balancing buoyant and gravitational forces.

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Ok

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A hand signal used to communicate that everything is all right, typically a circle made by joining thumb and forefinger.

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Stay

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A hand signal implying to remain in current position, usually signaled by flattening a hand and pushing downwards.

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Nitrogen Narcosis

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A reversible alteration in consciousness that occurs while diving at depth, caused by the anesthetic effect of nitrogen under pressure.

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Decompression Sickness

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A potentially lethal condition caused by nitrogen bubbles forming in the bloodstream and tissues when ascending too quickly.

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Low on Air

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A hand signal used to indicate that a diver's air supply is running low, usually done by placing a flat hand on the edge of the throat.

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Ear Equalization

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The process of equalizing pressure in the middle ear during descent, typically by swallowing or gently blowing while pinching the nose.

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Dive Computer

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An electronic device used by divers to monitor depth, bottom time, and decompression requirements in real time.

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Surface Interval

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The time spent on the surface between dives, allowing nitrogen to off-gas from the body to reduce decompression risk.

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Danger

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A hand signal typically given by placing a hand flat over the head, indicating a serious problem or threat.

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Safety Stop

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A short pause at a shallow depth at the end of a dive to decrease the risk of decompression sickness.

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