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A five-carbon sugar molecule that is part of the backbone of DNA molecules.

An enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks of DNA.

Protein molecules around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin.

The strand of the DNA double helix that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

The complex of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, which when condensed forms chromosomes.

The basic building block of DNA, composed of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

An enzyme that is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during DNA replication.

An enzyme that joins the sugar-phosphate backbones of the Okazaki fragments to form a single, continuous DNA strand.

The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.

Refers to the opposite orientation of the two strands of DNA; one strand runs in the 5' to 3' direction and the other in the 3' to 5' direction.

Two nitrogenous bases on opposite DNA strands that interact through hydrogen bonds; adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine.

The strand of the DNA double helix that is synthesized discontinuously (in short segments) during DNA replication.

A short strand of RNA that is synthesized by primase during DNA replication and provides a starting point for DNA polymerase.

A molecule found in DNA and RNA that encodes genetic information in cells.

Short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template strand during DNA replication.

The three-dimensional structure of DNA, consisting of two strands that twist around each other.

A group of molecules that connects two deoxyribose sugars through phosphodiester bonds, forming the backbone of the DNA molecule.

The specific pairing of base A with T and base C with G in DNA.

A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.