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Advertising and Consumer Behavior

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AIDA Model

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Stands for Attention, Interest, Desire, Action. This model explains the stages a consumer goes through before purchasing. It influences behavior by capturing attention, piquing interest, creating desire for the product or service, and finally prompting action to purchase.

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Anchoring

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This is the human tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered when making decisions. Advertisers use this by presenting a high original price followed by a discount, influencing consumer perception of the deal's value.

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Scarcity Principle

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Based on the idea that rare or limited products seem more valuable. This influences consumer behavior by creating a sense of urgency to buy before the item runs out, leading to impulsive buying decisions.

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Bandwagon Effect

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This technique convinces consumers to buy something by making them feel they will be left out if they don't. It leverages social pressure and the human tendency to follow trends, thus influencing consumer behavior by creating a sense of urgency and belonging.

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Unique Selling Proposition (USP)

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The factor or benefit presented by a product that makes it unique from competitors. A strong USP influences consumer behavior by differentiating a product and making it stand out in the marketplace, thereby increasing its attractiveness to consumers.

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Emotional Appeal

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This technique uses emotions to connect with the audience, often through storytelling. It influences consumer behavior by resonating on a personal level, creating an emotional link with the product and brand loyalty.

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Reciprocity Principle

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Consumers feel obliged to give back when they receive something. Advertisers use this technique by offering free samples or bonuses, influencing consumers to reciprocate by purchasing more products or services.

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Loss Aversion

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Based on the theory that the pain of losing is psychologically twice as powerful as the pleasure of gaining. Advertisers use this by showcasing what consumers would lose if they do not purchase, thus influencing their desire to avoid the loss.

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Celebrity Endorsements

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Involves celebrities using their fame to promote products. This influences consumer behavior by transferring the celebrity's attributes to the product, leveraging their influence and credibility to build trust and desirability among consumers.

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Social Proof

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The psychological phenomenon where people copy the actions of others, assuming it's the correct behavior. Advertisements use this to influence consumer behavior by showing that others have bought and are satisfied with a product, making new customers more likely to buy.

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