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Denomination of Origin is a classification indicating that a product possesses certain qualities, or enjoys a reputation due to its geographic origin, essential in marketing wines.

Botrytis cinerea is a fungal pathogen that can cause 'noble rot', beneficial under the correct conditions for the production of sweet wines but detrimental if uncontrolled.

Irrigation is the artificial application of water to vineyards to supplement natural rainfall, ensuring that grapevines receive adequate moisture for optimal growth and fruit development.

Rootstock refers to the part of a grafted grapevine that forms the root system, chosen for traits like pest and disease resistance, adaptability to soil types, and influence on vigor.

Veraison is the stage in grapevine development when the grapes change color and begin to soften, marking the onset of ripening. It is critical for determining harvest time.

Elevation refers to the height above sea level at which a vineyard is planted. It affects temperature, sunlight and can impact the acidity and varietal characteristics of grapes.

Canopy management encompasses the methods used to train and prune grapevine leaves and shoots, optimizing fruit exposure to sunlight and air flow to promote healthy grape development.

Grafting is the viticultural practice of joining two plants together, such as a grapevine scion to a rootstock resistant to pests like phylloxera, ensuring robust vine growth.

A hybrid in viticulture is a grape variety resulting from the crossbreeding of two or more different species of Vitis, made for reasons such as disease resistance or climate adaptation.

A clone in viticulture refers to grapevines derived from a single mother plant ensuring genetic similarity, selected for specific qualities like flavor or disease resistance.

Terroir refers to the unique combination of climate, soil, and landscape that imparts distinctive qualities to grape varieties grown in a specific region. Key for wine characteristics.

Phylloxera is a vine pest that attacks grape roots and leaves, known for devastating vineyards worldwide. The pest led to the use of resistant rootstocks.

Leaf pulling involves the selective removal of leaves from grapevines to improve air circulation and sunlight penetration, reducing the risk of disease and improving grape quality.

Brix is a scale measuring the sugar content of grapes, must, or wine, indicating the degree of the grapes' ripeness. Higher Brix suggests greater potential alcohol content.