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Pesticide Modes of Action

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Fungicides: Strobilurins

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Inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at complex III

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Spinosyns

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Targets the insect's nervous system, causing paralysis and death

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Neonicotinoids

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Acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, causing overstimulation and death

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Predacides

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Chemicals used to control predatory animals

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Bactericides: Streptomycin

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Inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to their ribosome

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Organophosphates

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Inhibits acetylcholinesterase, leading to accumulation of acetylcholine and paralysis of the pest

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Nematicides

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Pesticides that specifically target nematodes (roundworms)

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Carbamates

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Reversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, causing disruption of nerve impulses

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Herbicides: Glyphosate

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Inhibits EPSP synthase, essential for aromatic amino acid synthesis

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Pyrethroids

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Modulate sodium channels, causing prolonged depolarization and paralysis

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Rodenticides

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Typically anticoagulants, affecting blood clotting and causing internal bleeding

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Molluscicides

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Chemicals designed to target snails and slugs

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Fungicides: Benzimidazoles

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Inhibit microtubule assembly in fungi, disrupting cell division

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Bactericides: Copper Compounds

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Disrupt enzyme activities and cell integrity in bacteria

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Acaricides

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Targets mites and ticks often by disrupting neural transmission

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Fungicides: Triazoles

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Inhibits sterol 14α-demethylase, affecting membrane synthesis in fungi

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Herbicides: Atrazine

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Inhibits photosynthesis at photosystem II

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Insect Growth Regulators

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Mimic or inhibit hormones to disrupt insect development and reproduction

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Herbicides: Dicamba

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Acts like a growth hormone, leading to abnormal growth and plant death

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Herbicides: 2,4-D

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Mimics natural plant hormones (auxins), causing uncontrolled growth and death in broadleaf weeds

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