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Pesticide Modes of Action
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Organophosphates
Inhibits acetylcholinesterase, leading to accumulation of acetylcholine and paralysis of the pest
Neonicotinoids
Acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, causing overstimulation and death
Rodenticides
Typically anticoagulants, affecting blood clotting and causing internal bleeding
Herbicides: 2,4-D
Mimics natural plant hormones (auxins), causing uncontrolled growth and death in broadleaf weeds
Spinosyns
Targets the insect's nervous system, causing paralysis and death
Bactericides: Streptomycin
Inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to their ribosome
Insect Growth Regulators
Mimic or inhibit hormones to disrupt insect development and reproduction
Fungicides: Benzimidazoles
Inhibit microtubule assembly in fungi, disrupting cell division
Carbamates
Reversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, causing disruption of nerve impulses
Fungicides: Strobilurins
Inhibits mitochondrial electron transport at complex III
Herbicides: Glyphosate
Inhibits EPSP synthase, essential for aromatic amino acid synthesis
Pyrethroids
Modulate sodium channels, causing prolonged depolarization and paralysis
Herbicides: Atrazine
Inhibits photosynthesis at photosystem II
Nematicides
Pesticides that specifically target nematodes (roundworms)
Fungicides: Triazoles
Inhibits sterol 14α-demethylase, affecting membrane synthesis in fungi
Acaricides
Targets mites and ticks often by disrupting neural transmission
Molluscicides
Chemicals designed to target snails and slugs
Predacides
Chemicals used to control predatory animals
Bactericides: Copper Compounds
Disrupt enzyme activities and cell integrity in bacteria
Herbicides: Dicamba
Acts like a growth hormone, leading to abnormal growth and plant death
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