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Common Poultry Terms
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Brooding
Brooding refers to the period immediately after hatch when chicks require a warm environment to maintain body temperature.
Pullet
A pullet is a young female chicken that has not yet started to lay eggs.
Capon
A capon is a castrated male chicken that is raised specifically for meat production.
Layer
A layer is a hen used primarily for egg production.
Molt
Molt refers to the process by which chickens shed old feathers and grow new ones.
Flock
A flock is a group of poultry birds kept together for farming purposes.
Vent
The vent is the external opening of a bird's cloaca, through which they excrete feces and lay eggs.
Comb
The comb is a fleshy crest on the top of a chicken's head, usually larger and more pronounced in males.
Spur
A spur is a sharp, bony protrusion found on the legs of some chickens, often used for defense or during mating displays.
Beak trimming
Beak trimming is the practice of removing or shortening part of a bird's beak to prevent feather pecking and cannibalism among poultry.
Broiler
A broiler is a chicken raised specifically for meat production and harvested at a young age.
Dust Bathing
Dust bathing is a natural behavior in which chickens roll in dust to maintain feather health and control parasites.
Pecking Order
The pecking order is a hierarchical system of social organization in a flock, determined by aggression and pecking behaviors.
Candling
Candling is a method used to observe the development and quality of an embryo inside an egg using a bright light source.
Grit
Grit refers to small stones or granules chickens eat to help their gizzards break down food, since they lack teeth.
Cloaca
The cloaca is an internal chamber in birds where the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts converge, opening externally at the vent.
Hen
A hen is a mature female chicken that is capable of laying eggs.
Clutch
A clutch is the number of eggs a hen lays in one cycle without interruptions.
Free Range
Free range refers to a farming system where poultry has access to the outdoors for a significant part of the day.
Incubation
Incubation is the process of maintaining eggs under controlled temperature and humidity until hatching.
Pasture Raised
Pasture raised indicates poultry that is raised outdoors on a pasture with freedom to roam and forage, as opposed to being confined.
Litter
Litter refers to the absorbent material used on the floor of poultry houses to provide bedding and capture waste.
Nest Box
A nest box is an enclosed space provided for poultry, especially layers, to lay their eggs in a secure and comfortable environment.
Poults
Poults are baby turkeys, which require intensive care and management to ensure proper growth and development.
Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)
Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) is a measure of an animal's efficiency in converting feed into body mass, calculated as the ratio of feed consumed to live weight gain.
Breed
A breed refers to a group of chickens with distinct and inheritable characteristics, often developed for specific purposes like meat or egg production.
Artificial Insemination (AI)
Artificial Insemination (AI) is a reproductive technique where semen is collected from a male bird and manually introduced into the female reproductive tract.
Grower
A grower is a young chicken that is being raised from a pullet or cockerel to a mature bird for meat or egg production.
Crossbreed
Crossbreed refers to the offspring produced by mating two different breeds of chickens, often to combine desirable traits from both parents.
Coccidiosis
Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease in poultry caused by Eimeria species, which can lead to poor growth, poor feed conversion, and even mortality.
Vaccine
A vaccine is a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases in poultry without causing the disease.
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