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Poultry Product Labeling Terms
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Cage-Free
Signifies that the poultry was not raised in a confined space such as a cage. However, this does not necessarily mean the birds have access to the outdoors.
Conventional
Typically refers to poultry that is raised in standard commercial conditions, which may include the use of antibiotics and growth promoters. There are industry standards and USDA regulations that dictate the conditions under which these birds are raised.
All-Natural
Signifies that the product contains no artificial ingredients or colors and is only minimally processed. The USDA verifies that the label is truthful, but this does not address the antibiotics, hormones, or diet of the birds.
No-Hormones
Federal regulations prohibit the use of hormones in raising poultry; therefore, the label 'no hormones' can be misleading unless it is followed by a statement explaining that no hormones are used in the production of any poultry.
Antibiotic-Free
Meaning no antibiotics were used during the animal's lifecycle. The USDA requires that labels such as 'no antibiotics' be verified and that the absence of antibiotics is proven through testing.
Kosher
Denotes that the poultry meets Jewish dietary regulations, which involve specific processing, preparation and inspection procedures.
Enhanced
Refers to poultry that has been injected with a solution to enhance flavor or moisture. Labeling must indicate the percentage of added solution and its ingredients.
Free-Range
Indicates that the poultry has access to the outdoors. Regulations require that birds are given access to the outside, but the duration and quality of access are not strictly defined.
Air-Chilled
A process where poultry is chilled by cold air after slaughter. This can affect the taste and reduces the chance of water absorption compared to water immersion chilling.
Organic
Refers to poultry raised following USDA organic regulations, which include feeding the animals agricultural feed that is 100% organic and free from pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, and GMOs, as well as adhering to animal health and welfare standards.
Hard Chilled
Refers to poultry that has been chilled to a temperature between 0 and 26 degrees Fahrenheit. Regulations require clear labeling to distinguish from 'fresh' poultry.
Vegetarian-Fed
Means that the poultry's feed did not contain animal byproducts. However, this does not necessarily reflect other welfare or environmental standards.
Pasture-Raised
Implies that the birds were raised on a pasture where they can forage for their natural diet. There are no uniform standards for this label, but third-party certifications may provide guidelines.
Fresh
Indicates that the poultry has never been chilled to a temperature below 26 degrees Fahrenheit. This term is strictly regulated by the USDA to prevent misleading consumers.
Grade A
A quality rating based on the USDA's grading service considering factors such as the appearance, texture, and consistency. Grade A is the highest quality for consumer products.
Water-Chilled
Describes the method of chilling poultry in cold water after slaughter. It is a faster cooling process but can lead to increased water pickup which must be labeled.
Frozen
Means the poultry has been cooled to 0 degrees Fahrenheit or below, and should be labeled as such once it reaches that temperature.
Halal
Indicates that the product adheres to Islamic dietary law as defined by the Quran, which includes specific processing and handling procedures.
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