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Bonding refers to the arrangement of bricks in a structure to ensure its strength and stability.

Mortar is a bonding agent used between bricks or stones in masonry, composed of cement, lime, sand, and water.

A Flemish bond alternates headers and stretchers in each course, with each header centered above and below the stretchers.

An English bond consists of alternating courses of headers and stretchers, with headers centered over the joints between stretchers.

A stretcher is the longest face of the brick when laid in a horizontal position.

A header is the shorter face of a brick when laid horizontally, perpendicular to the wall length.

Compressive strength is the capacity of a material to withstand axial compressive forces.

Frost resistance refers to the ability of bricks to withstand the cyclical freeze-thaw conditions without damage.

Efflorescence is the white powdery substance on brick surfaces due to water-soluble salts coming to the surface and crystallizing.

A weep hole is a small opening in a wall that allows water to drain from within the structure.

Spalling is the chipping or breaking of a material's surface, often seen in brickwork due to water damage or freeze-thaw cycles.

Tuckpointing is the process of repairing mortar joints in brickwork by raking out the old mortar and inserting new mortar.

Curing is maintaining adequate moisture, temperature, and time to allow the mortar in masonry to harden properly.

A lintel is a horizontal structural member placed over an opening in a wall to support the load above it.

Scaffolding is a temporary structure used to support workers and materials during the construction or repair of buildings.

DPC is a barrier through a structure designed to prevent moisture from passing into interior spaces.

A buttress is a projecting support built against a wall to reinforce it against lateral forces.

A masonry unit can be a brick, stone, concrete block, etc., used to build masonry walls and structures.

Mix ratio refers to the proportional relationship between the various components in mortar, like cement, lime, sand, and water.

A control joint is a deliberate separation in masonry to relieve tension and prevent cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction.

An expansion joint is a gap in the building structure that allows for movement due to temperature changes, reducing the risk of crack formation.

Parging is the application of a thin coat of mortar over masonry walls for weatherproofing or cosmetic reasons.

Veneer masonry refers to a non-structural facing of brick or stone used on buildings for aesthetic purposes.

A wythe is a continuous vertical section of masonry one unit in thickness.

Racking back is a technique in masonry where courses are partially built to lead the construction of the next level.

Corbelling is the practice of extending successive courses of a brick or stone wall outwards from the preceding course to form an overhang.

Soldering in brickwork refers to the finishing of joints in-between bricks to achieve a watertight surface.

A pier is a vertical supporting structure, such as a pillar, column, or post, often used to support an arch, beam, or lintel.

A queen closer is a brick cut in half lengthwise and used to complete a course or to fill small spaces in brickwork.