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Common Architectural Styles

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Art Nouveau

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Organic, flowing lines, and natural forms; popular from 1890 to 1910.

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Craftsman

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Hand-crafted woodwork, simplicity, and cozy interiors; late 19th and early 20th century.

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Tudor Revival

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Steeply pitched gable roofs, tall, narrow windows, and decorative half-timbering; early 20th century.

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Greek Revival

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Inspired by the architecture of ancient Greece; tall columns, pediments, and symmetry; popular in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

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Brutalism

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Raw concrete construction, stark geometric designs, and fortress-like appearance; mid 20th century.

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Art Deco

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Bold geometric shapes, rich colors, and lavish ornamentation; flourished in the 1920s and 1930s.

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Colonial Revival

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Symmetry, simple rectangular shape, and classical details; gained popularity in the late 19th century.

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International Style

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Absence of ornament, plain geometric forms, and expansive windows; gained popularity in the 1920s and 1930s.

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Beaux-Arts

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Grandiose and elaborate architecture; stone facades, large stairways, and classical details; late 19th to early 20th century.

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Rococo

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Lightness, delicacy, and exuberant use of curving; developed in Paris in the early 18th century.

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Federal

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Based on the principles of Roman classicism; simple, elegant, and balanced; late 18th to early 19th century.

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Gothic

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Pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses; popular between the 12th and 16th centuries.

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Neoclassical

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Inspired by classical antiquity; clean lines, minimal ornamentation, and massive structures; popular in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

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African Vernacular

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Indigenous materials, adaptability to climate, and traditional building techniques; varies by region and historical period.

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Modernism

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Form follows function, minimalism, lack of ornamentation; emerged in the first half of the 20th century.

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Futurism

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Emphasizes dynamic lines, technological advancement, and a sense of motion; originated in the early 20th century.

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Sustainable Architecture

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Energy efficiency, use of environmentally friendly materials, and consideration of ecological impact; a contemporary movement.

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Victorian

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Eclectic revivals and interpretations of historic styles; ornate detailing; late 19th century.

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Deconstructivism

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Nonlinear design, fragmented geometry, and a sense of controlled chaos; gained prominence in the late 20th century.

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Postmodernism

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Reaction against Modernism; mixing of different styles and elements, irony, and playful forms; from the 1960s onwards.

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Baroque

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Grandeur, sensuous richness, and dramatic contrasts; originated in the early 17th century.

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Bauhaus

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Functional, simple, and rational designs; use of industrial materials; early to mid 20th century.

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Renaissance

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Symmetry, proportion, and geometry; influenced by the classical Roman and Greek architecture; emerged in the 15th century.

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Prairie Style

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Horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves; developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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High-Tech

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Showcasing building materials and structure, technological expression, and futuristic appearance; emerged in the 1970s.

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