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A foundation designed to withstand and dissipate seismic loads, preventing structural damage. It is a necessity in earthquake-prone regions.

A type of helical pile often used for lightweight structures, such as temporary buildings or sheds, where quick installation and removal are advantages.

A type of foundation that uses insulation to protect a building from frost heaving. Appropriate for cold climates where the freeze-thaw cycle can damage structures.

A type of pile foundation that transfers load through the pile to a solid layer of rock or strong soil. Ideal when such a layer exists at a reasonable depth beneath the surface.

A localized concrete footing that provides a stable base for heavy load-bearing columns or framed structures. Useful when soil has variable strength or buildings have concentrated loads.

Deep foundations that are constructed by drilling a hole and filling it with concrete. They are used when the building loads are very heavy, like skyscrapers, or when the surface soils are too loose for shallow foundations.

A horizontal beam that transfers loads from a building's walls to a series of spaced columns or piles. It is used when proper load distribution is necessary over weak soil or in areas with varying soil conditions.

Foundation footing that extends beyond the structure it supports, providing leverage to counterbalance an adjacent loaded footing. Useful when adjacent footings cannot be centered on their loads due to space constraints.

A foundation system that incorporates flexible rubber bearings to absorb seismic energy and reduce the transmission of vibrations. Employed in earthquake-prone areas and for structures sensitive to vibrations.

A foundation system that includes the use of anchors for additional stability. Used to resist uplift forces in structures like transmission towers or to provide additional resistance in landslide-prone areas.

A continuous strip of concrete that supports the walls of a structure. Used when the soil has good bearing capacity and in the construction of rows of buildings with shared walls, like townhouses.

A deep foundation where long, slender columns (piles) reach below the weak soil to a stronger subsurface layer. Suitable for very poor soil conditions, or when large structural loads need to be supported.

A variation of a strip foundation where trenches are filled with concrete. Primarily used when the ground conditions are variable or it is difficult to predict the required depths of traditional strip footings.

This footings supports multiple columns not aligned in a single row. It's used when columns are close together and individual footings would overlap.

A foundation system where soil is removed to compensate for the weight of the building, reducing additional stresses on the soil. Suitable for large structures or when built-up areas necessitate minimal settlement.

A foundation that rests upon soft soil and distributes the weight of the building across a larger area than the footings alone to avoid excessive settlement or tilting.

A framework of beams placed at right angles to each other to distribute loads from a single point to a wider area. Often used when constructing on top of soft or uneven ground.

Deep foundation elements that look like giant screws and are twisted into the ground. Effective on sites with environmentally sensitive areas or where minimal vibration is crucial.

A circular foundation typically used for cylindrical structures such as silos or water tanks, providing a continuous support along the outer edge of the structure.

A below-ground level space that can be used for living or storage, with walls and a floor that also serve as the structure's base. Used when additional space is needed or in areas with tight zoning restrictions.

Wooden poles used to support structures, commonly seen in historic buildings or in temporary works. Best in submerged or permanently wet environments where wood durability is enhanced.

A type of deep foundation where columns (piers) are embedded into the ground to support a structure above. Ideal for heavy structures, like bridges, or when topsoil is unstable.

A large concrete slab supporting the entire structure's load, used when the soil has low load-bearing capacity or when the building load is spread out over a large area.

A footing with a load that does not coincide with its centerline, used when a structural load needs to be offset due to property boundaries or existing structures.