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Pavement Design Essentials

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Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP)

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A type of rigid pavement design with continuous reinforcement and without joints, allowing for controlled cracking.

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Distress Analysis

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The process of identifying, measuring, and assessing various forms of pavement deterioration to determine needed maintenance or rehabilitation.

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Subgrade Stabilization

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The process of using additives to increase the load-bearing capacity and control the swell-shrink properties of the subgrade soil.

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Perpetual Pavement

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A concept of building pavements with multiple layers designed to last longer than 50 years without requiring major structural rehabilitation.

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Poisson's Ratio

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A constant value that defines the ratio of lateral strain to axial strain in a material when it is stretched or compacted.

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Pavement Surface

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The top layer of a pavement system, it provides a smooth and durable travel surface and is designed to resist skidding, abrasion, and weather.

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Pavement Management System (PMS)

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A set of tools or methods that aid decision-makers in maintaining pavement networks effectively and economically.

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Base Course

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A layer of material lying just beneath the pavement surface that helps distribute traffic loads to the subbase and subgrade.

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Modulus of Subgrade Reaction (k-value)

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A value that represents the subgrade soil's resistance to deformation under a pavement system (Unit: lb/in³ or kPa/mm).

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Deflection

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The downward movement of a pavement surface under load, used to infer information about the pavement's structural condition.

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Drainage Design

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The design aspect focusing on the removal of surface and subsurface water from the pavement to improve performance and prevent damage.

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Grade

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The slope or inclination of the pavement surface, essential for proper drainage and water runoff.

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Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP)

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A type of rigid pavement that consists of concrete slabs with no reinforcements, separated by joints to control cracking.

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Pavement Performance

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A measure of how well a pavement structure supports the traffic loadings and environmental conditions over its service life.

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Flexible Pavement

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A type of pavement structure that can bend under loads without cracking, typically consisting of asphalt surface, base, subbase, and subgrade layers.

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Rigid Pavement

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A pavement structure that disperses loads over a wide area, primarily constructed of concrete with reinforcing steel.

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Frost Heave

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The upwards swelling of soil during freezing conditions due to an increase in soil moisture content.

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Pavement Deterioration

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This refers to the process by which a pavement loses its integrity and functionality over time due to factors such as traffic loads and environmental conditions.

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Superpave

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SHRP's Asphalt Research Program which resulted in an improved system for specifying asphalt binders and mix design.

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Equivalent Single Axle Load (ESAL)

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A concept that converts axle loads of various magnitudes and repetitions to a standard equivalent, simplifying design and analysis.

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California Bearing Ratio (CBR)

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A test used to evaluate the subgrade soil's strength related to road base materials by measuring the soil's bearing capacity.

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Subgrade

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The soil layer beneath a pavement system which provides support to the pavement structure. It is important for ensuring structural capacity and drainage.

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Subbase

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A layer of material between the base and the subgrade that provides drainage and can improve load distribution and frost action protection.

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Asphalt Binder

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The viscous material produced from refining crude oil that holds the aggregate particles together in an asphalt pavement.

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Load Transfer

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The method by which load is distributed from one pavement slab to another, reducing the stress on the pavement.

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