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Understanding Building Insulation

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Fiberglass Insulation

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Composed of fine glass fibers, it is commonly used in batts, rolls, and loose-fill insulation, suitable for walls, attics, and floors.

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Denim Insulation

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Crafted from recycled denim fabric, it is an eco-friendly option providing good thermal and acoustic insulation.

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Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs)

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High-performance building panels used in floors, walls, and roofs; constructed by sandwiching an insulating foam core between two structural facings.

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ICF (Insulated Concrete Forms)

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Formwork for concrete that stays in place as permanent building insulation for energy-efficient, cast-in-place, reinforced concrete walls.

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Polyisocyanurate Insulation

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A type of thermoset plastic typically faced with foil; known for high R-value per inch and used in roof and wall systems.

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U-Value

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A measure of heat loss in a building element; the lower the U-value, the better the material is as an insulator.

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Reflective Insulation

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Uses reflective materials like aluminum foil to reflect radiant heat away from the living space, commonly used in attics.

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Thermal Bridging

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Occurs when heat is transferred across more conductive materials in the insulation system, leading to energy loss.

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Mineral Wool Insulation

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Also known as rock wool or slag wool, it's made from natural or synthetic minerals or metal oxides and is fire resistant and soundproof.

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Loose-Fill Insulation

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Small particles of fiber, foam, or other materials that are blown into building cavities or attics using special pneumatic equipment.

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Batt Insulation

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Pre-cut panels of fiberglass or mineral wool insulation designed to fit in the standard spacing of wall studs and attic or floor joists.

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Rigid Foam Insulation

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Comes in boards of polystyrene, polyisocyanurate, or polyurethane, used for insulating walls, roofs, and foundations.

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Radiant Barrier

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Reflective foil placed in attics or roof spaces to reduce heat gain by reflecting radiant heat rather than absorbing it.

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Polyurethane Insulation

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Lightweight, resistant to moisture and heat, it is used in spray foam applications and rigid foam boards.

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Spray Foam Insulation

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Polyurethane-based foam that expands and hardens upon application, sealing gaps and adding structural strength.

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Cellulose Insulation

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Made from recycled paper that's treated for fire resistance, typically blown into walls, attics, and difficult-to-reach areas.

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R-Value

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Indicates the resistance to heat flow; the higher the R-Value, the greater the insulation effectiveness.

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Weatherstripping

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A material used to seal gaps around windows and doors to prevent air leaks, reducing heating and cooling costs.

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Polystyrene

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A type of rigid foam insulation material available in expanded (EPS) or extruded (XPS) forms, used in walls, roofs, and under slabs.

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Vapor Barrier

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Plastic or foil sheet used to prevent moisture from penetrating walls and to protect the insulation and structure.

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Blower Door Test

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A diagnostic tool that measures the air tightness of buildings and helps locate air leakage points, improving energy performance.

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House Wrap

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A synthetic material used to protect buildings from moisture infiltration while allowing moisture vapor to escape, often used beneath the exterior siding.

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Thermal Mass

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Describes the ability of a material to absorb, store, and release heat, with materials like concrete and brick often used for this purpose.

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Stack Effect

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Refers to the movement of air into and out of buildings, chimneys, flue-gas stacks, or similar structures due to differences in indoor and outdoor temperatures.

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Green Roof

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A roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and soil, or a growing medium, planted over a waterproofing membrane, providing insulation and reducing urban heat islands.

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