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Telecommunication Abbreviations
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SIP
Session Initiation Protocol, a signaling protocol used for initiating, maintaining, and terminating real-time sessions that include voice, video and messaging applications.
QoS
Quality of Service, the description or measurement of the overall performance of a service such as a telephony or computer network, particularly the performance seen by the users of the network.
IoT
Internet of Things, the network of physical objects—'things'—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the Internet.
OFDM
Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, a method of encoding digital data on multiple carrier frequencies, known for its use in applications like digital television and audio broadcasting, DSL internet access, wireless networks, and 4G/5G mobile communications.
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol, a methodology and group of technologies for the delivery of voice communications and multimedia sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks.
5G
Fifth Generation, the latest generation of cellular mobile communications, offering higher speeds and reduced latency compared to 4G LTE.
LTE
Long-Term Evolution, a standard for wireless broadband communication for mobile devices and data terminals, based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA technologies.
EDGE
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, a digital mobile phone technology that allows improved data transmission rates as a backward-compatible extension of GSM.
WAN
Wide Area Network, a telecommunications network that extends over a large geographical area for the purpose of computer networking.
WLAN
Wireless Local Area Network, a local area network that connects two or more devices using wireless distribution methods, providing the ability to move around within the area while maintaining network connection.
MIMO
Multiple Input, Multiple Output, a method for multiplying the capacity of a radio link using multiple transmission and receiving antennas to exploit multipath propagation.
FCC
Federal Communications Commission, an independent agency of the United States government created by statute to regulate interstate communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable across the USA.
LAN
Local Area Network, a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building.
HSPA
High Speed Packet Access, an amalgamation of two mobile telephony protocols, High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extends and improves the performance of existing 3G mobile telecommunication networks.
CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access, a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies, known for its role in cellular systems where each communication is assigned a unique code.
SSID
Service Set Identifier, a sequence of characters that uniquely names a wireless local area network (WLAN). This name allows stations to connect to the desired network when multiple independent networks operate in the same physical area.
SNR
Signal-to-Noise Ratio, a measure used in science and engineering to quantify how much a signal has been corrupted by noise, it's the ratio of signal power to the noise power and is typically expressed in decibels (dB).
IMSI
International Mobile Subscriber Identity, a unique number used to identify the user of a cellular network and is a key part of mobile phone databases.
bps
Bits Per Second, a common measure of data transmission speeds in telecommunications and computing.
NFC
Near Field Communication, a set of communication protocols that enable two electronic devices to establish communication by bringing them within 4 cm (1.6 in) of each other.
ITU
International Telecommunication Union, a specialized agency of the United Nations that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies.
GSM
Global System for Mobile Communications, a standard developed to describe protocols for second generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile phones.
FDMA
Frequency Division Multiple Access, a channel access method used in multiple-access protocols as a channelization protocol, which divides the frequency bands into channels and assigns one to each user or conversation.
APN
Access Point Name, the name of a gateway between a GSM, GPRS, 3G or 4G mobile network and another computer network, usually the public Internet.
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, a third generation (3G) mobile cellular system for networks based on the GSM standard.
DAS
Distributed Antenna System, a network of spatially separated antenna nodes connected to a common source, designed to provide wireless service within a geographic area or structure.
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, the suite of communications protocols used for connecting hosts on the Internet and is the foundation of the Internet.
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network, a computer network that spans a metropolitan area and is designed for the size and scope of a single city.
RFID
Radio-Frequency Identification, uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically stored information.
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