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Aquatic Ecosystems
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Open Ocean
The largest aquatic ecosystem characterized by the pelagic zone and deep-water environments. Home to organisms like dolphins, whales, and plankton.
Coral Reefs
Diverse underwater ecosystems held together by calcium carbonate structures secreted by corals. Examples include clownfish, sea turtles, and many species of corals.
Estuaries
Where freshwater from rivers mixes with salty ocean water, creating brackish water. Inhabitants include mangroves, oysters, and various birds.
Rivers and Streams
Flowing fresh water that may originate from springs or melted snow. Home to species like salmon, river otters, and insects such as dragonflies.
Salt Marshes
Coastal wetlands inundated with seawater during high tide. Examples of organisms are cordgrass, crabs, and wading birds.
Hydrothermal Vents
Found on the ocean floor, where tectonic plates are moving apart, releasing hot, mineral-rich water. Supports life such as tube worms, heat-tolerant bacteria, and crabs.
Freshwater Lakes
Still bodies of fresh water that can be oligotrophic or eutrophic. Examples include freshwater fish like trout, aquatic plants, and zooplankton.
Mangrove Swamps
Tropical forests that are able to thrive in saltwater, typically found along coasts. Organisms include mangrove trees, mudskippers, and monitor lizards.
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