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Aquatic Ecosystems

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Open Ocean

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The largest aquatic ecosystem characterized by the pelagic zone and deep-water environments. Home to organisms like dolphins, whales, and plankton.

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Coral Reefs

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Diverse underwater ecosystems held together by calcium carbonate structures secreted by corals. Examples include clownfish, sea turtles, and many species of corals.

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Estuaries

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Where freshwater from rivers mixes with salty ocean water, creating brackish water. Inhabitants include mangroves, oysters, and various birds.

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Rivers and Streams

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Flowing fresh water that may originate from springs or melted snow. Home to species like salmon, river otters, and insects such as dragonflies.

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Salt Marshes

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Coastal wetlands inundated with seawater during high tide. Examples of organisms are cordgrass, crabs, and wading birds.

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Hydrothermal Vents

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Found on the ocean floor, where tectonic plates are moving apart, releasing hot, mineral-rich water. Supports life such as tube worms, heat-tolerant bacteria, and crabs.

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Freshwater Lakes

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Still bodies of fresh water that can be oligotrophic or eutrophic. Examples include freshwater fish like trout, aquatic plants, and zooplankton.

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Mangrove Swamps

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Tropical forests that are able to thrive in saltwater, typically found along coasts. Organisms include mangrove trees, mudskippers, and monitor lizards.

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