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Aquatic Plants

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Hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum)

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Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds and lakes. Importance: Provides oxygenation and shelter for aquatic organisms; competes with algae limiting their growth.

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Mangrove (Rhizophora spp.)

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Habitat: Coastal intertidal zones. Importance: Protects coastlines from erosion and storm surges; nursery grounds for marine life; carbon storage.

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Common waterweed (Elodea canadensis)

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Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds and slow-moving streams. Importance: Oxygenates water, provides habitat and food for aquatic organisms.

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Sea grass (Posidonia oceanica)

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Habitat: Marine, sandy bottoms in the light-rich zone. Importance: Important carbon sink, shelters juvenile marine species, stabilizes the seabed.

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Bladderwort (Utricularia spp.)

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Habitat: Freshwater, in lakes, ponds, and streams. Importance: Carnivorous plant trapping small aquatic invertebrates; indicates low nutrient water systems.

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Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

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Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds, lakes, and rivers. Importance: Known for its high growth rate; purifies water, but can be invasive in non-native habitats.

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Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

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Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds and lakes. Importance: Cultural and religious significance; supports biodiversity; water clarifying properties.

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Giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)

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Habitat: Marine, cold nutrient-rich waters. Importance: Forms underwater forests supporting diverse marine life; absorbs CO2 helping mitigate climate change.

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Eelgrass (Zostera marina)

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Habitat: Marine, subtidal environments. Importance: Provides food and habitat for marine life, stabilizes sediment, and improves water quality.

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Duckweed (Lemna spp.)

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Habitat: Freshwater ponds and slow-moving streams. Importance: Provides food for wildlife, removes pollutants, and is an indicator of nutrient-rich water.

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Cattail (Typha spp.)

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Habitat: Freshwater, in marshes, wetlands, and on the edges of ponds and lakes. Importance: Provides habitat and food for wildlife; used for water purification.

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Water lily (Nymphaea spp.)

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Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds and calm areas of lakes and stream edges. Importance: Provides shade and shelter for aquatic life; reduces algae growth.

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