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Aquatic Plants
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Hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum)
Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds and lakes. Importance: Provides oxygenation and shelter for aquatic organisms; competes with algae limiting their growth.
Mangrove (Rhizophora spp.)
Habitat: Coastal intertidal zones. Importance: Protects coastlines from erosion and storm surges; nursery grounds for marine life; carbon storage.
Common waterweed (Elodea canadensis)
Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds and slow-moving streams. Importance: Oxygenates water, provides habitat and food for aquatic organisms.
Sea grass (Posidonia oceanica)
Habitat: Marine, sandy bottoms in the light-rich zone. Importance: Important carbon sink, shelters juvenile marine species, stabilizes the seabed.
Bladderwort (Utricularia spp.)
Habitat: Freshwater, in lakes, ponds, and streams. Importance: Carnivorous plant trapping small aquatic invertebrates; indicates low nutrient water systems.
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)
Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds, lakes, and rivers. Importance: Known for its high growth rate; purifies water, but can be invasive in non-native habitats.
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)
Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds and lakes. Importance: Cultural and religious significance; supports biodiversity; water clarifying properties.
Giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)
Habitat: Marine, cold nutrient-rich waters. Importance: Forms underwater forests supporting diverse marine life; absorbs CO2 helping mitigate climate change.
Eelgrass (Zostera marina)
Habitat: Marine, subtidal environments. Importance: Provides food and habitat for marine life, stabilizes sediment, and improves water quality.
Duckweed (Lemna spp.)
Habitat: Freshwater ponds and slow-moving streams. Importance: Provides food for wildlife, removes pollutants, and is an indicator of nutrient-rich water.
Cattail (Typha spp.)
Habitat: Freshwater, in marshes, wetlands, and on the edges of ponds and lakes. Importance: Provides habitat and food for wildlife; used for water purification.
Water lily (Nymphaea spp.)
Habitat: Freshwater, in ponds and calm areas of lakes and stream edges. Importance: Provides shade and shelter for aquatic life; reduces algae growth.
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