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Essential Plant Nutrients in Soil

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Sulfur

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Function: Constituent of several amino acids, vitamins and enzymes; Deficiency Symptoms: Uniform yellowing of leaves, delayed maturity

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Copper

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Function: Important for photosynthesis and respiration, lignin synthesis; Deficiency Symptoms: Wilting of leaves, dieback of shoot tips

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Magnesium

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Function: Central atom in chlorophyll molecule, enzyme activation; Deficiency Symptoms: Interveinal chlorosis, leaf curling

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Nitrogen

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Function: Synthesis of amino acids and proteins; Deficiency Symptoms: Yellowing of leaves (chlorosis), stunted growth

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Iron

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Function: Chlorophyll synthesis, electron transport in photosynthesis; Deficiency Symptoms: Interveinal chlorosis in young leaves, stunted growth

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Manganese

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Function: Activating certain enzymes, synthesis of chlorophyll; Deficiency Symptoms: Interveinal chlorosis, brown spots on leaves

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Zinc

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Function: Hormone production, internode elongation; Deficiency Symptoms: Shortened internodes (rosetting), leaf discoloration

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Boron

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Function: Cell wall formation, sugar transport; Deficiency Symptoms: Terminal bud dieback, cracked stems

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Potassium

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Function: Regulates osmotic balance, activates enzymes; Deficiency Symptoms: Browning of leaf edges, poor resistance to pests and diseases

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Molybdenum

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Function: Nitrate reduction, nitrogen fixation; Deficiency Symptoms: Mottled or pale leaves, stunting of entire plant

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Calcium

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Function: Structural component of cell walls, cell division; Deficiency Symptoms: Blossom end rot in fruits, stunted root growth

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Phosphorus

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Function: Energy transfer (ATP), root and flower development; Deficiency Symptoms: Dark green or purple leaves, delayed maturity

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Chlorine

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Function: Osmoregulation, stomatal function; Deficiency Symptoms: Wilted chlorotic leaves, stunted root system

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