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Types of Soil Erosion
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Chemical Erosion
Causes: Acid rain, industrial chemicals, agricultural practices; Effects: Soil nutrient loss, alteration in soil pH, heavy metal accumulation
Glacial Erosion
Causes: Movement of glaciers, freezing and thawing; Effects: Formation of glacial landforms, deposition of sediments, creation of fertile valleys
Coastal Erosion
Causes: Wave action, sea level rise, storms; Effects: Beach loss, coastal habitats destruction, increased coastal flooding risk
Thermal Erosion
Causes: Temperature changes, freeze-thaw cycles, solar radiation; Effects: Soil structure breakdown, formation of cracks, frost heaving
Wind Erosion
Causes: Strong winds, loose dry topsoil, lack of vegetation; Effects: Removal of topsoil, damage to crops, dust storms
Water Erosion
Causes: Heavy rainfall, surface runoff, poor land management; Effects: Loss of topsoil, reduced land fertility, sedimentation in water bodies
Biological Erosion
Causes: Soil disturbance by organisms, digging and burrowing, plant root growth; Effects: Soil loosening, enhanced soil quality, aeration
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