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Rock Cycle and Soil Formation
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Metamorphism
The alteration of the mineral composition or structure of rock due to heat, pressure, and chemical processes. Metamorphic rocks can also contribute to soil once they are exposed at the surface and subject to weathering.
Sedimentation
The process by which eroded material is deposited by water, wind, ice, or gravity. The accumulation of these materials contributes to soil formation by layering sediments.
Compaction
The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight, which can lead to the formation of sedimentary rock. Over time, these rocks can contribute to soil as they weather and erode.
Melting and Solidification
Rocks melt into magma, which then cools and solidifies to form igneous rocks. When these rocks are uplifted and break down, they supply minerals to the soil.
Weathering
The process of breaking down rocks and minerals into smaller pieces by water, wind, and temperature changes. This is the first step in soil formation providing mineral content.
Erosion
The movement of sediments from one place to another by water, wind, ice, or gravity. Erosion helps distribute these materials, which can eventually form soil.
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