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Characterized by very fine particles that stick together, this soil has poor drainage and high nutrient content.

Alkaline soil that contains chalk or limestone, it can be poor in fertility, but with the addition of organic material, it can be improved.

This soil is dark brown or black in color, rich in organic matter and has a high water content, often acidic.

Extremely fine silty soil, this wind-deposited soil is fertile, rich in lime and very coherent when dry, but erodes easily when destabilized.

Dark clay soils that expand and contract depending on moisture. They are fertile but difficult to work with because of cracking when dry and stickiness when wet.

Composed of fine particles smaller than sand but larger than clay, this soil has good water retention and is rich in nutrients.

Considered the ideal garden soil, this type contains a balance of sand, silt, and clay, plus humus. It has good structure, drainage, and holds nutrients.

This type of soil is actually volcanic rock that is often used in gardening to improve aeration and modify the soil structure.

This soil has a gritty texture, composed mostly of sand particles and has a high drainage rate.

Typically found in tropical and subtropical regions, this soil is rich in iron and aluminum, formed in hot and wet climates and often too poor in nutrients for farming.

These soils are typically found beneath coniferous forest stands, acidic and poor in nutrients, characterized by a layered look with a clear leached layer.