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Soil Mineralogy
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Flashcards
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Quartz
Quartz is highly resistant to weathering and helps in determining the soil's age.
Feldspar
Feldspar weathers to form clay minerals, which are important for soil structure and fertility.
Mica
Mica influences soil texture and fertility through its weathering products, with potassium often being released.
Calcite
Calcite's ability to neutralize acids is essential for maintaining pH balance in soils.
Gypsum
Gypsum improves soil structure, particularly in sodic soils, by displacing sodium with calcium.
Montmorillonite
Montmorillonite's high surface area and swelling properties contribute to its water retention and nutrient exchange in soils.
Kaolinite
Kaolinite contributes to soil structure stability and is less reactive compared to other clays regarding nutrient exchange.
Illite
Illite retains nutrients such as potassium, which is vital for plant growth.
Goethite
Goethite affects soil color and is an indicator of soil drainage and aeration conditions.
Gibbsite
Gibbsite indicates high rates of chemical weathering and is significant in tropical soils.
Halite
Halite can cause soil salinity issues, which negatively affect plant growth and soil microbial activity.
Dolomite
Dolomite contributes to soil magnesium content and can also help in correcting soil acidity.
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