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Mica influences soil texture and fertility through its weathering products, with potassium often being released.

Calcite's ability to neutralize acids is essential for maintaining pH balance in soils.

Gypsum improves soil structure, particularly in sodic soils, by displacing sodium with calcium.

Goethite affects soil color and is an indicator of soil drainage and aeration conditions.

Halite can cause soil salinity issues, which negatively affect plant growth and soil microbial activity.

Illite retains nutrients such as potassium, which is vital for plant growth.

Montmorillonite's high surface area and swelling properties contribute to its water retention and nutrient exchange in soils.

Feldspar weathers to form clay minerals, which are important for soil structure and fertility.

Kaolinite contributes to soil structure stability and is less reactive compared to other clays regarding nutrient exchange.

Quartz is highly resistant to weathering and helps in determining the soil's age.

Gibbsite indicates high rates of chemical weathering and is significant in tropical soils.