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Lung Volume and Capacities

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Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

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The maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal tidal exhalation. Calculated as: TV + IRV. Normal values: roughly 3500 mL in men and 2400 mL in women.

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Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

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The maximum amount of air the lungs can contain. Calculated as: TV + IRV + ERV + RV. Normal values: around 6000 mL in men and 4200 mL in women.

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Vital Capacity (VC)

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The total amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation. Calculated as: TV + IRV + ERV. Normal values: about 4800 mL in men and 3200 mL in women.

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Minute Volume (MV)

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Total volume of air entering or leaving the respiratory system per minute. Calculated as: TV multiplied by the respiratory rate. Normal values: 6-8 liters per minute.

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Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

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The amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation. Normal values: about 3000 mL in men and 1900 mL in women.

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Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

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The amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation. Normal values: approximately 1000 mL in men and 700 mL in women.

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Residual Volume (RV)

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The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation, preventing the lungs from collapsing. Normal values: about 1200 mL in men and 1100 mL in women.

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Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)

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The amount of air that can be forcibly blown out after full inspiration, measured during a lung function test. Normal values: similar to VC, around 4800 mL in men and 3200 mL in women.

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Tidal Volume (TV)

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The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing. Normal values: approximately 500 mL in adults.

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Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)

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The amount of air left in the lungs after a normal, passive exhalation. Calculated as: ERV + RV. Normal values: approximately 2400 mL in men and 1800 mL in women.

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