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Pulmonary Medications

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Theophylline

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Indication: Asthma, COPD; Mechanism of Action: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; Side effects: Nausea, diarrhea, palpitations, seizures

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Zafirlukast

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Indication: Asthma; Mechanism of Action: Leukotriene receptor antagonist; Side effects: Liver enzyme elevation, headache, infection

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Nintedanib

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Indication: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), Chronic Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases; Mechanism of Action: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Side effects: Diarrhea, liver enzyme elevation, nasopharyngitis

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Dupilumab

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Indication: Moderate-to-severe asthma with eosinophilic phenotype or oral steroid dependence; Mechanism of Action: Interleukin-4 receptor alpha antagonist; Side effects: Injection site reactions, conjunctivitis, oral herpes

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Reslizumab

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Indication: Eosinophilic asthma; Mechanism of Action: Interleukin-5 antagonist monoclonal antibody; Side effects: Anaphylaxis, cancer, myalgia

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Fluticasone

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Indication: Asthma, COPD; Mechanism of Action: Corticosteroid; Side effects: Oral thrush, hoarseness, cough

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Pirfenidone

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Indication: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF); Mechanism of Action: Antifibrotic agent; Side effects: Rash, nausea, fatigue

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Mometasone

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Indication: Asthma; Mechanism of Action: Corticosteroid; Side effects: Oral thrush, hoarseness, respiratory infections

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Salmeterol

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Indication: Asthma (long-term control), COPD; Mechanism of Action: Long-acting β2 agonist (LABA); Side effects: Headache, throat irritation, muscle pain

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Mepolizumab

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Indication: Severe eosinophilic asthma; Mechanism of Action: Interleukin-5 antagonist monoclonal antibody; Side effects: Headache, injection site reaction, back pain

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Roflumilast

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Indication: Severe COPD with chronic bronchitis; Mechanism of Action: Selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor; Side effects: Diarrhea, weight loss, depression

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Indacaterol

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Indication: COPD; Mechanism of Action: Ultra-long-acting β2 agonist; Side effects: Cough, headache, nasopharyngitis

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Nedocromil

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Indication: Asthma (prophylaxis); Mechanism of Action: Mast cell stabilizer; Side effects: Headache, nausea, unpleasant taste

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Formoterol

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Indication: Asthma (long-term control), COPD; Mechanism of Action: Long-acting β2 agonist (LABA); Side effects: Tremor, palpitations, headache

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Omalizumab

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Indication: Moderate to severe asthma with allergy component; Mechanism of Action: Anti-IgE monoclonal antibody; Side effects: Injection site reaction, anaphylaxis, headache

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Albuterol

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Indication: Bronchospasm; Mechanism of Action: Short-acting β2 agonist; Side effects: Tachycardia, jitteriness, headache

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Cromolyn Sodium

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Indication: Asthma (prophylaxis); Mechanism of Action: Mast cell stabilizer; Side effects: Cough, wheezing, throat irritation

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Ivacaftor

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Indication: Cystic Fibrosis with specific CFTR mutations; Mechanism of Action: CFTR potentiator; Side effects: Headache, upper respiratory tract infection, abdominal pain

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Aclidinium

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Indication: COPD; Mechanism of Action: Long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator; Side effects: Headache, nasopharyngitis, cough

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Benzonatate

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Indication: Cough; Mechanism of Action: Non-narcotic cough suppressant; Side effects: Drowsiness, headache, constipation

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Montelukast

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Indication: Asthma, allergic rhinitis; Mechanism of Action: Leukotriene receptor antagonist; Side effects: Headache, abdominal pain, neuropsychiatric effects

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Ipratropium

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Indication: COPD, Asthma; Mechanism of Action: Anticholinergic bronchodilator; Side effects: Dry mouth, cough, headache

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Budesonide

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Indication: Asthma, COPD; Mechanism of Action: Corticosteroid; Side effects: Oral thrush, hoarseness, cough

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Tiotropium

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Indication: COPD; Mechanism of Action: Long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator; Side effects: Dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation

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Beclomethasone

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Indication: Asthma; Mechanism of Action: Corticosteroid; Side effects: Oral thrush, hoarseness, headache

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