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Pulmonary Medications
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Albuterol
Indication: Bronchospasm; Mechanism of Action: Short-acting β2 agonist; Side effects: Tachycardia, jitteriness, headache
Ipratropium
Indication: COPD, Asthma; Mechanism of Action: Anticholinergic bronchodilator; Side effects: Dry mouth, cough, headache
Fluticasone
Indication: Asthma, COPD; Mechanism of Action: Corticosteroid; Side effects: Oral thrush, hoarseness, cough
Montelukast
Indication: Asthma, allergic rhinitis; Mechanism of Action: Leukotriene receptor antagonist; Side effects: Headache, abdominal pain, neuropsychiatric effects
Salmeterol
Indication: Asthma (long-term control), COPD; Mechanism of Action: Long-acting β2 agonist (LABA); Side effects: Headache, throat irritation, muscle pain
Theophylline
Indication: Asthma, COPD; Mechanism of Action: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; Side effects: Nausea, diarrhea, palpitations, seizures
Budesonide
Indication: Asthma, COPD; Mechanism of Action: Corticosteroid; Side effects: Oral thrush, hoarseness, cough
Omalizumab
Indication: Moderate to severe asthma with allergy component; Mechanism of Action: Anti-IgE monoclonal antibody; Side effects: Injection site reaction, anaphylaxis, headache
Formoterol
Indication: Asthma (long-term control), COPD; Mechanism of Action: Long-acting β2 agonist (LABA); Side effects: Tremor, palpitations, headache
Tiotropium
Indication: COPD; Mechanism of Action: Long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator; Side effects: Dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation
Roflumilast
Indication: Severe COPD with chronic bronchitis; Mechanism of Action: Selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor; Side effects: Diarrhea, weight loss, depression
Mometasone
Indication: Asthma; Mechanism of Action: Corticosteroid; Side effects: Oral thrush, hoarseness, respiratory infections
Beclomethasone
Indication: Asthma; Mechanism of Action: Corticosteroid; Side effects: Oral thrush, hoarseness, headache
Aclidinium
Indication: COPD; Mechanism of Action: Long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator; Side effects: Headache, nasopharyngitis, cough
Cromolyn Sodium
Indication: Asthma (prophylaxis); Mechanism of Action: Mast cell stabilizer; Side effects: Cough, wheezing, throat irritation
Reslizumab
Indication: Eosinophilic asthma; Mechanism of Action: Interleukin-5 antagonist monoclonal antibody; Side effects: Anaphylaxis, cancer, myalgia
Zafirlukast
Indication: Asthma; Mechanism of Action: Leukotriene receptor antagonist; Side effects: Liver enzyme elevation, headache, infection
Mepolizumab
Indication: Severe eosinophilic asthma; Mechanism of Action: Interleukin-5 antagonist monoclonal antibody; Side effects: Headache, injection site reaction, back pain
Pirfenidone
Indication: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF); Mechanism of Action: Antifibrotic agent; Side effects: Rash, nausea, fatigue
Nintedanib
Indication: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), Chronic Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases; Mechanism of Action: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Side effects: Diarrhea, liver enzyme elevation, nasopharyngitis
Nedocromil
Indication: Asthma (prophylaxis); Mechanism of Action: Mast cell stabilizer; Side effects: Headache, nausea, unpleasant taste
Dupilumab
Indication: Moderate-to-severe asthma with eosinophilic phenotype or oral steroid dependence; Mechanism of Action: Interleukin-4 receptor alpha antagonist; Side effects: Injection site reactions, conjunctivitis, oral herpes
Benzonatate
Indication: Cough; Mechanism of Action: Non-narcotic cough suppressant; Side effects: Drowsiness, headache, constipation
Indacaterol
Indication: COPD; Mechanism of Action: Ultra-long-acting β2 agonist; Side effects: Cough, headache, nasopharyngitis
Ivacaftor
Indication: Cystic Fibrosis with specific CFTR mutations; Mechanism of Action: CFTR potentiator; Side effects: Headache, upper respiratory tract infection, abdominal pain
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