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Surgical procedure to restore normal blood flow to an obstructed coronary artery. A vein from the body is grafted to the coronary artery to bypass the atherosclerotic plaque that is causing the blockage.

Surgical procedure involving a large incision in the chest to gain access to the organs in the thoracic cavity, often used for diagnostics or treatment of lung or esophageal diseases.

Surgical removal of a lobe of the lung, typically performed to treat lung cancer or other pulmonary lesions.

Surgical removal of part or all of the pericardium, the membrane enclosing the heart, to treat conditions such as constrictive pericarditis.

Surgical treatment of an aneurysm in the aorta, involving the replacement of the dilated portion of the artery with a graft.

A surgical procedure to remove an entire lung, usually performed to treat lung cancer.

Surgical replacement of a diseased valve with either a mechanical or biological valve to restore normal blood flow.

A surgical procedure performed to treat a leaky or narrowed mitral valve in the heart.

A surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure or severe coronary artery disease when other treatments have failed.

Surgical operation in which a vertical inline incision is made along the sternum, after which the sternum itself is divided, or 'cracked', to allow access to the heart and lungs.

Surgical removal of a blood clot from the pulmonary artery, which can be necessary in cases of chronic pulmonary embolism.

Procedure allowing the visual examination of the airways using a bronchoscope. It can assist with diagnosis and sometimes treatment of lung conditions.

Surgical procedure to close a hole between the heart's two lower chambers (the ventricles) that is present from birth.

Minimally invasive surgery of the chest performed with a thoracoscope (small video camera) and instruments inserted through small incisions.

A variation of CABG that is performed through a smaller incision and often without the need for cardiopulmonary bypass.

A mechanical pump that is used to support heart function and blood flow in people with weakened hearts.

A medical emergency in which fluid accumulates in the pericardium, putting pressure on the heart and hindering the heart's ability to pump effectively.

A procedure in which a laser is used to create channels in the heart muscle to improve blood flow in patients with severe angina or coronary artery disease.

Surgical procedure to close a hole between the heart's two upper chambers (the atria) to prevent blood from leaking into the wrong part of the heart.

A surgical procedure in which a small electronic device is implanted under the skin to help regulate the heartbeat.

Surgical creation of an opening through the neck into the trachea to provide an airway and to remove secretions from the lungs.

Technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery, maintaining the circulation of blood and the oxygen content of the body.

A surgical procedure that allows the examination of the mediastinum through a scope, to sample lymph nodes and help in the diagnosis of cancer or other diseases.

Surgical removal of part of the pleura, the membrane that lines the chest cavity and envelops the lungs, often to manage pleural effusions or mesothelioma.

Surgical removal of all or part of the esophagus, often to treat esophageal cancer.

A type of minimally invasive surgery that uses a robotic system to allow the surgeon to perform complex procedures with more precision, flexibility, and control than with conventional techniques.

A surgery performed to correct defects of the aorta which involves replacing the aortic valve, aortic root, and ascending aorta with a composite graft.

A device implanted into the body that can detect life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and deliver a shock to restore a normal heartbeat.

A procedure used to widen blocked or narrowed coronary arteries (the main blood vessels supplying the heart), often involving the use of a balloon catheter to dilate the artery.

A technique used after sternotomy to promote healing and stability of the sternum by using metal plates and screws to hold the sternum together.

Surgical removal of diseased, emphysematous lung tissue, which improves breathing and lung function in selected patients with severe emphysema.

A procedure that can correct heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias) by scarring or destroying tissue in the heart that's triggering an abnormal heart rhythm.

Combination of surgery and angioplasty for the treatment of coronary artery disease, where CABG is used to bypass the most significant blockage and angioplasty is used to open smaller blockages.

A type of thoracic surgery performed using a small video camera (thoracoscope) that is introduced into the patient's chest via small incisions.

The insertion of a small mesh tube (stent) into a coronary artery to keep the artery open and decrease the chance of a heart attack.

A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart to diagnose arrhythmia locations and mechanisms, often preceding ablation procedures.

A minimally invasive surgical procedure that repairs the valve without removing the old, damaged valve by wedging a replacement valve into the aortic valve's place.

A procedure in which a needle and a catheter remove fluid from the pericardium, the sac around the heart, typically to treat cardiac tamponade.

A cardiac ablation procedure specifically to isolate the pulmonary veins and eliminate atrial fibrillation, a common type of irregular heartbeat.

A minimally invasive technique of obtaining a vein, such as the saphenous vein, for use as a bypass graft in coronary artery bypass surgery.

Surgical removal of a thrombus (blood clot) from a blood vessel to restore normal blood flow and prevent damage to tissues and organs.

A variation of CABG surgery where the coronary artery bypass is performed without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (on a beating heart).

A treatment that uses a pump to circulate blood through an artificial lung back into the bloodstream, providing heart-lung bypass support outside of the body.

Surgical treatment for atrial fibrillation that creates a 'maze' of new electrical pathways to allow electrical impulses to travel easily through the heart.