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Surgical Hemostasis Techniques
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Electrocautery
Uses electrical current to heat tissue, leading to coagulation and cessation of bleeding; commonly used in surgical settings.
Direct Pressure
Applying direct pressure to a bleeding site to control bleeding; often employed as the first line of action in both surgical and first aid settings.
Tourniquet
A constricting band applied around a limb to control blood flow and minimize bleeding; typically employed in limb surgeries or trauma cases.
Angiographic Embolization
The intentional blockage of a blood vessel using materials introduced through a catheter; used to control bleeding in trauma and certain surgical situations.
Ligation
The surgical tying off of blood vessels to prevent bleeding; used in situations where vessels are easily accessible or have been severed.
Pressure Dressing
A dressing applied tightly to apply pressure and control bleeding, often in conjunction with a hemostatic agent; used for traumatic wounds and after certain surgeries.
Suture with Hemostatic Agents
Stitching combined with topical agents that promote blood clotting; used in surgeries requiring both closure and enhanced clotting at the site.
Bone Wax
A wax used to stop bleeding from bone surfaces by physically blocking the holes of bleeding bone; mainly used in orthopedic and neurosurgeries.
Laser Photocoagulation
A technique using laser energy to coagulate and seal blood vessels; frequently used in ophthalmic surgeries and to treat varicose veins.
Cryosurgery
The use of extreme cold to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue; hemostasis is achieved as the freezing process seals capillaries.
Fibrin Sealants
Glues based on fibrinogen and thrombin that mimic the final steps of the clotting cascade; employed in surgeries to reinforce sutures or in place of sutures.
Argon Beam Coagulation
A technique using argon gas and electrical current to achieve hemostasis; often used in liver and spleen surgeries due to less penetration depth.
Ultrasound Hemostasis
A technique using ultrasound energy to cause protein denaturation and vessel coagulation; employed in procedures like laparoscopic surgeries.
Hemostatic Clamps
Clamps specifically designed to control bleeding by compressing blood vessels; often used during surgery to maintain a bloodless field.
Topical Thrombin
A topical enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin, aiding in clot formation; applied directly to bleeding tissues in various surgical procedures.
Hemostatic Dressings
Dressings impregnated with substances that accelerate coagulation; used in pre-hospital and combat settings to control severe bleeding.
Hemostatic Forceps
Forceps designed to grasp and exert pressure on blood vessels to achieve hemostasis; commonly used in surgeries to control bleeding till vessels can be tied or sealed.
Gelatin-Based Hemostats
Sponges or foams impregnated with hemostatic agents that can be applied to bleeding surfaces; particularly useful for oozing surface bleeds or as an adjunct in surgery.
Vessel Sealing Devices
Devices that use heat and pressure to simultaneously cut and seal blood vessels; often used in minimally invasive surgeries.
Endoscopic Variceal Ligation
A procedure involving banding of varices using an endoscope to prevent bleeding; primarily employed in patients with esophageal varices.
Cyanoacrylate Adhesives
Rapidly polymerizing adhesives used to close wounds and achieve hemostasis without conventional sutures; used in superficial lacerations and minimally invasive surgeries.
Manual Compression
Applying hand pressure over a blood vessel to temporarily control bleeding; frequently utilized during vascular access procedures or after catheter removal.
Oxidized Cellulose
A plant-based product that promotes hemostasis through molecular interactions with blood; often used in surgical settings when suturing is impractical.
Intermittent Pneumatic Compression
A preventative technique using inflatable devices to improve venous circulation and prevent stasis; used post-operatively, particularly in limb surgeries.
Chemical Cauterization
Applying topical chemical agents like silver nitrate to seal blood vessels and stop bleeding; commonly used in minor procedures like treating nasal bleeds.
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