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Surgical Hemostasis Techniques

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Electrocautery

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Uses electrical current to heat tissue, leading to coagulation and cessation of bleeding; commonly used in surgical settings.

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Direct Pressure

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Applying direct pressure to a bleeding site to control bleeding; often employed as the first line of action in both surgical and first aid settings.

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Tourniquet

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A constricting band applied around a limb to control blood flow and minimize bleeding; typically employed in limb surgeries or trauma cases.

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Angiographic Embolization

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The intentional blockage of a blood vessel using materials introduced through a catheter; used to control bleeding in trauma and certain surgical situations.

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Ligation

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The surgical tying off of blood vessels to prevent bleeding; used in situations where vessels are easily accessible or have been severed.

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Pressure Dressing

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A dressing applied tightly to apply pressure and control bleeding, often in conjunction with a hemostatic agent; used for traumatic wounds and after certain surgeries.

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Suture with Hemostatic Agents

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Stitching combined with topical agents that promote blood clotting; used in surgeries requiring both closure and enhanced clotting at the site.

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Bone Wax

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A wax used to stop bleeding from bone surfaces by physically blocking the holes of bleeding bone; mainly used in orthopedic and neurosurgeries.

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Laser Photocoagulation

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A technique using laser energy to coagulate and seal blood vessels; frequently used in ophthalmic surgeries and to treat varicose veins.

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Cryosurgery

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The use of extreme cold to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue; hemostasis is achieved as the freezing process seals capillaries.

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Fibrin Sealants

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Glues based on fibrinogen and thrombin that mimic the final steps of the clotting cascade; employed in surgeries to reinforce sutures or in place of sutures.

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Argon Beam Coagulation

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A technique using argon gas and electrical current to achieve hemostasis; often used in liver and spleen surgeries due to less penetration depth.

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Ultrasound Hemostasis

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A technique using ultrasound energy to cause protein denaturation and vessel coagulation; employed in procedures like laparoscopic surgeries.

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Hemostatic Clamps

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Clamps specifically designed to control bleeding by compressing blood vessels; often used during surgery to maintain a bloodless field.

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Topical Thrombin

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A topical enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin, aiding in clot formation; applied directly to bleeding tissues in various surgical procedures.

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Hemostatic Dressings

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Dressings impregnated with substances that accelerate coagulation; used in pre-hospital and combat settings to control severe bleeding.

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Hemostatic Forceps

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Forceps designed to grasp and exert pressure on blood vessels to achieve hemostasis; commonly used in surgeries to control bleeding till vessels can be tied or sealed.

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Gelatin-Based Hemostats

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Sponges or foams impregnated with hemostatic agents that can be applied to bleeding surfaces; particularly useful for oozing surface bleeds or as an adjunct in surgery.

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Vessel Sealing Devices

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Devices that use heat and pressure to simultaneously cut and seal blood vessels; often used in minimally invasive surgeries.

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Endoscopic Variceal Ligation

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A procedure involving banding of varices using an endoscope to prevent bleeding; primarily employed in patients with esophageal varices.

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Cyanoacrylate Adhesives

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Rapidly polymerizing adhesives used to close wounds and achieve hemostasis without conventional sutures; used in superficial lacerations and minimally invasive surgeries.

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Manual Compression

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Applying hand pressure over a blood vessel to temporarily control bleeding; frequently utilized during vascular access procedures or after catheter removal.

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Oxidized Cellulose

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A plant-based product that promotes hemostasis through molecular interactions with blood; often used in surgical settings when suturing is impractical.

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Intermittent Pneumatic Compression

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A preventative technique using inflatable devices to improve venous circulation and prevent stasis; used post-operatively, particularly in limb surgeries.

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Chemical Cauterization

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Applying topical chemical agents like silver nitrate to seal blood vessels and stop bleeding; commonly used in minor procedures like treating nasal bleeds.

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