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Jainism: Key Principles
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Jīva (Living substance/Soul)
The immortal essence of a living being, characterized by consciousness.
Dravya (Substance)
Refers to six eternal substances that constitute reality: soul, matter, time, space, motion, and rest.
Anekantavada (Non-absolutism)
Refusal to accept any claim to possess absolute truth, thus promoting openness and dialogue.
Asteya (Non-stealing)
Principle against taking anything that is not willingly offered.
Syādvāda (Conditionality)
Epistemological approach advocating for conditional propositions to express truth.
Aparigraha (Non-attachment)
Avoiding attachment to materialistic possessions and personal ego.
Ahiṃsā (Non-violence)
Central Jain tenet prescribing non-harm towards all living beings.
Satya (Truthfulness)
Obligation to speak the truth and avoid falsehood.
Brahmacharya (Chastity)
Upholding celibacy or monogamy within a marriage, controlling sensual pleasures.
Navatattva (Nine Fundamentals)
Nine basic principles that include soul, matter, karma, and time, foundational in Jain cosmology.
Moksha (Liberation)
Ultimate goal of Jainism, being the liberation of the soul from karma and the cycle of death and rebirth.
Anēkāntavāda (Pluralism)
Doctrine that recognizes the multiplicity of viewpoints and sides of truth.
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